تحلیل مردم نگارانه دانش بومی زنان روستای سربندان پیرامون گیاه شناسی مبتنی بر نظریه ژولین استیوارد
محورهای موضوعی : پزشکی و بهداشت
فاطمه شعبانی اصل
1
,
محمدصادق فربد
2
,
علی باصری
3
,
محمدهادی منصور لکورج
4
1 - دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مردم‌شناسی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
2 - استادیار، گروه مردم‌شناسی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران،
3 - استادیار، گروه مردم‌شناسی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
4 - استادیار، گروه مردم‌شناسی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
کلید واژه: مردم‌نگارانه, گیاه‌شناسی, نظریه ژولین استیوارد, دانش بومی,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف پژوهش حاضر، مطالعه مردم‌نگارانه دانش بومی زنان روستای سربندان پیرامون گیاه‌شناسی مبتنی بر نظریه ژولین استیوارد بود. جامعه مورد مطالعه، کلیه زنان منطقه روستای سربندان بود. از بین جامعه مورد مطالعه 15 فرد با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند انتخاب شدند. روش پژوهش، تحقیق میدانی کیفی و انجام مطالعه به شیوۀ مردم‌‌نگاری انجام گرفت. داده‌ها از طریق مصاحبه عمیق و نیمه‌ساختاریافته و مشاهده مشارکتی جمع‌آوری شد. نتایج نشان داد که طبق نظریه ژولین استیوارد، تحول فرهنگی بر زمینه انطباق و سازگاری محیط اکولوژی و فرهنگ به وجود می‌آید. این سازگاری منجر به رشد و تحول فرهنگی در انسان می‌شود. زنان روستای سربندان در رابطه متقابل و دوسویه‌‌ای خود با محیط با این شیوه انطباق برقرار کرده‌اند. آن‌ها برای نام‌گذاری محیط زیست طبیعی و نوع گیاهی که در آن منطقه رشد می‌کند به شناخت محیط زیست طبیعی پرداختند.زنان روستا در یافتند که در این محیط کوهستانی و دشت چه نوع گیاهانی رشد می‌کند و به دنبال آن شناخت و متناسب با آن ترانه خواندند و ضرب‌‌لمثل گفتند. آن-ها توانستند در ارتقای سلامت جسم خود برای نمونه رفع عفونت یا رفع درد از بدن از گیاهی که در این منطقه رویشگاه آن بود بهره‌بگیرند. در نتیجه طبق نظر ژولین استیوارد دانش بومی زنان سربندان متأثر از محیط جغرافیایی این منطقه است که به پایداری بوم‌‌شناختی منجر شد.
The aim of the current research was an ethnographical study of the indigenous knowledge of Sarbandan women regarding herbal products with an emphasis on Julien Steward's theory. The studied population was all the resident women of Sarbandan region in the years 1387-1400. 15 subjects were selected among the studied population using the purposive sampling method. The research method was qualitative field research and the study was conducted in an ethnographic procedure. Data were collected through in-depth and semi-structured interviews and participative observation. The results showed that: according to Julien Steward's theory, cultural development is based on the adaptation of the ecological environment and culture, and such an adaptation that leads to cultural growth and transformation in humans. The women of Sarbandan village had established this method in their mutual and two-way relationship with the environment. To name the natural environment and the type of plants that grow in that area, they inquire to know the natural environment. The women of the village found out that in this mountain and plain environment what kind of plants grow and after that they knew and sang songs and recited proverbs accordingly. They were able to improve their health, for example, by removing the infection or elimination of pain from their body, by utilizing the plant that was its habitat. As a result, according to Julien Steward, the indigenous knowledge of Sarbandan women is influenced by the geographical environment of this region, which led to ecological sustainability.
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