تحلیلی بر راهبردهای توسعه گردشگری شهری کلان شهر تبریز، با تاکید بر گونه گردشگری پزشکی
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی و پژوهشی پژوهش و برنامه ریزی شهری
رحیم حیدری چیانه
1
*
,
حسن محمودزاده- برنامه ریزی شهری
2
,
مهدی موذنی
3
1 - برنامه ریزی شهری و منطقه ای- دانشکده برنامه ریزی و علوم محیطی- دانشگاه تبریز
2 - دانشیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری دانشگاه تبریز
3 - جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشکده علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز ایران
کلید واژه: تحلیل عاملی, گردشگری شهری, کلان شهر تبریز, گردشگری پزشکی, چالش های توسعه,
چکیده مقاله :
جهانی‌سازی مراقبت‌های بهداشتی موجب پیدایش شکل جدیدی از گردشگری در شهرها شده است که معمولاً به‌عنوان گردشگری پزشکی شناخته می‌شود. گردشگری پزشکی یکی از سریع‌ترین بازارهای در حال رشد گردشگری در جهانم ی باشد که اکنون 60 میلیارد دلار در سال در سراسر جهان درآمد کسب می‌کند و به عنوان بخش سودآور برای کشورهای درحال‌توسعه در حال ظهور می‌باشد. بنابراین پژوهش حاضر با هدف تحلیل مهم ترین راهبردهای توسعه گردشگری شهری کلان شهر تبریز، با تاکید بر گونه گردشگری پزشکی صورت گرفته است. این پژوهش از نظر روش، توصیفی -تحلیلی و هدف کاربردی است، جمع‌آوری اطلاعات و داده‌ها به دو صورت، کتابخانه‌ای و پیمایشی از طریق پرسشنامه می‌باشد. جامعه آماری تحقیق شامل کارشناسان و متخصصین گردشگری و پزشکی در شهر تبریز به تعداد 120 نفر که تعیین حجم نمونه نیز با استفاده فرمول کوکران و با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی ساده انجام پذیرفته است. یافته ها و نتایج حاصل از آزمون تحلیل عاملی در محیط نرم‌افزار SPSS 25 بیانگر آن است که اولین و مهم‌ترین راهبرد در توسعه گردشگری پزشکی، عامل اقتصادی بوده که مقدار قابل‌توجهی از واریانس را به خود اختصاص داده و همچنین در اولویت‌بندی مربوط به عامل‌ها نیز از 4 شاخص با بار عاملی بالا هر 4 شاخص مربوط به عامل اقتصادی می‌باشد که این عوامل به ترتیب اهمیت مربوط به شاخص نرخ ارز ثابت و اقتصاد پایدار با بار عاملی (798/0)، وضعیت و ساختار نظام اقتصادی با بار عاملی (775/0)، ارائه خدمات باکیفیت با قیمت‌های رقابتی و مقرون به صرفه با بار عاملی (668/0)، هزینه‌های مختلف پایین با بار عاملی (635/0) می‌باشد. نتایج گویای اهمیت و ارزش عامل اقتصادی و یا مزیت نسبی اقتصادی مقصد کلان شهر تبریز نسبت به عوامل دیگر است.
The globalization of health care has given rise to a new form of tourism in cities, commonly known as medical tourism. Medical tourism is one of the fastest growing tourism markets in the world, now earning 60 billion dollars a year worldwide and emerging as a profitable sector for developing countries. Therefore, the current research has been conducted with the aim of analyzing the most important strategies for the development of urban tourism in the metropolis of Tabriz, with an emphasis on the type of medical tourism.This research is applied in terms of descriptive-analytical method and the aim of the research is to collect information and data in two ways, library and survey through questionnaire. The statistical population of the research includes 120 experts and specialists in tourism and medicine in the city of Tabriz, and the determination of the sample size was done using Cochran's formula and simple random sampling method. The findings and results of the factor analysis test in the SPSS 25 software environment indicate that the first and most important of these causes is the economic factor, which accounts for a significant amount of variance, and also in the prioritization of the factors from the 4 loaded indicators. The above factors are all 4 indicators related to the economic factor, and these factors, in order of importance, are related to the index of stable exchange rate and stable economy with a factor load (0.798), the state and structure of the economic system with a factor load (0.775), providing services High quality with competitive and affordable prices with factor load (0.668), various low costs with factor load (0.635). The results show the importance and value of the economic factor or the relative economic advantage of the destination of the metropolis of Tabriz compared to other factors.
Extended Abstract
Introduction
The globalization of health care has given rise to a new form of tourism in cities, commonly known as medical tourism. Many countries have implemented legal and practical plans for the development of medical tourism, reducing transportation costs, higher income, knowledge transfer and technology transfer, and competitive prices, help long trips to distant countries for medical reasons. One of the fastest growing tourism markets in the world is medical tourism, which now generates $60 billion a year worldwide, and the number of countries offering medical services to foreign tourists is increasing. The effective factors in the expansion of this industry are related to the health care problems of the countries of origin, among these problems in the countries of origin can be high treatment costs, non-coverage of costs by insurance companies, waiting time and quality of healthcare services. In the meantime, the main goal of this research is to identify the effective factors in the development of urban tourism in Iran, emphasizing the type of medical tourism in the metropolis of Tabriz.
Methodology
This research is applied in terms of descriptive-analytical method and the aim of the research is to collect information and data in two ways, library and survey through questionnaire. The statistical population of the research includes 120 experts and specialists in tourism and medicine in the city of Tabriz, and the determination of the sample size was done using Cochran's formula and simple random sampling method.
Results and discussion
Information processing according to table number 5 shows that the value of KMO in 120 sample questionnaires in identifying effective factors in the development of medical tourism in Tabriz city is 0.935. Also, the results of Bartlett's sphericity test are significant at the level of 0.1, in the sense that the opposite assumption is confirmed, that is, there is a significant correlation between the variables. It should be mentioned that in order to investigate the effective factors in the development of medical tourism, 32 variables were selected in various dimensions to be analyzed using the factor analysis method. The first 5 factors have special values greater than 1 and they explain a total of 67% of the variance of the set of 32 investigated variables regarding the development of medical tourism, which is considered an acceptable and good percentage. Therefore, although all these factors have specific values greater than unity, the importance and role of the first or economic factor with an explanation percentage of 21.429% is more than the following factors and is introduced as the most important factor.
Conclusion
In this research, with the help of the factor analysis method, which is a multivariate method, and was done using SPSS software, the relationships between 32 variables and their optimal combination were analyzed in the form of significant factors index. Factors and indicators and influencing variables in the development of medical tourism in Tabriz city based on the results of factor analysis, these causes are classified into 5 categories. The first and most important of these causes is the economic factor, which accounts for a significant amount of variance, and also in the prioritization of the factors, out of the 4 indicators with a high factor load, all 4 indicators are related to the economic factor.
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