اثربخشی بازی‌درمانی مبتنی بر یکپارچکی حسی بر کارکرد اجرایی(SI) و سازگاری اجتماعی کودکان دارای اختلال نقص توجه-بیش فعالی (ADHD)
محورهای موضوعی : کودک
لیلا امینیان
1
(
گروه روان شناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، تهران، ایران
)
شکوه السادات بنی جمالی
2
(
گروه روان شناسی، دانشگاه الزهرا تهران، تهران، ایران
)
فریبرز درتاج
3
(
گروه روان شناسی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی تهران، تهران، ایران
)
حسن احدی
4
(
گروه روان شناسی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی تهران، تهران، ایران
)
کلید واژه: بازی درمانی, یکپارچکی حسی, کارکردهای اجرایی, سازگاری اجتماعی, کودکان دارای نقص توجه - بیش فعالی.,
چکیده مقاله :
اختلال بیش فعالی توام با نقص توجه یکی از اختلالات دوران کودکی با الگوی ثابت نقص توجه و بیش فعالی است که در حدود 3 تا 7 درصد کودکان مدارس ابتدایی در مرحله پیش از بلوغ از آن رنج میبرند، یکی از مداخلات درمانی که به صورت گروهی قابلیت انجام دارد، الگوی درمانی یکپارچگی حسی است، بنابراین هدف این پژوهش بررسی اثربخشی بازی‌درمانی مبتنی بر یکپارچکی حسی بر کارکرد اجرایی و سازگاری اجتماعی کودکان دارای اختلال نقص توجه-بیش فعالی بود که از روش پژوهش نیمه آزمایشی با طرح پیشآزمون-پس آزمون استفاده شد. جامعه آماری کودکان 8 تا 10 ساله دارای اختلال نقص توجه بیش‌فعالی در سال 1398 بودند که به مراکز درمانی شهر تهران مراجعه کرده بودند. تعداد 30 نفر با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند در دو گروه 15 نفره تقسیم شدند. در این پژوهش از دو پرسشنامه درجهبندی رفتاری کارکردهای اجرایی (فرم والد) (Guy& et al, 2000) و پرسشنامه سازگاري اجتماعی كودكان(Dokhanchi, 1998) و دوره بازی درمانی بر اساس طرح (Horwitz & Roset, 2007؛ Tabrizi & Esteki, 2012؛ Babaei, 2014) استفاده شده است. تجزیه و تحلیل دادهها با استفاده از آزمون تحلیل کواریانس انجام شد. یافته‌ها تاثیر بازی‌درمانی مبتنی بر یکپارچکی حسی بر کارکرد اجرایی و سازگاری اجتماعی کودکان دارای اختلال نقص توجه-بیش فعالی را معنادار نشان داد. بنابراین می‌توان از بازی‌درمانی مبتنی بر یکپارچکی حسی برای بهبود کارکرد اجرایی و سازگاری اجتماعی کودکان دارای اختلال نقص توجه-بیش فعالی بهره گرفت.
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder is one of the childhood disorders with a fixed pattern of attention deficit and hyperactivity that about 3 to 7 percent of primary school children suffer from in the pre-puberty stage. One of the therapeutic interventions that can be performed in a group is the sensory integration therapy model, so the purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of play therapy based on sensory integration on the executive function and social adjustment of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, which was used as a semi-experimental research method with a pre-test-post-test design. The statistical population consisted of 8-10-year-old children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in 2018, who had referred to medical centers in Tehran. 30 people were divided into two groups of 15 people using the targeted sampling method. In this research, from two questionnaires for the behavioral rating of executive functions (Parent Form) (Guy& et al, 2000) and children's social adjustment questionnaire (Dokhanchi, 1998) and the play therapy course based on the plan (Horwitz & Roset, 2007; Tabrizi & Esteki, 2012; Babaei, 2014) has been used. Data analysis was done using analysis of covariance test. The findings showed that the effect of play therapy based on sensory integration on the executive function and social adaptation of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder was significant. Therefore, play therapy based on sensory integration can be used to improve the executive function and social adaptation of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
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