تأثیر تمرینات ریتمیک روی ترامپولین بر آمادگی جسمانی، حرکتی و لذت فعالیت بدنی کودکان پایه سوم ابتدایی: دوره یادداری شش ماهه
الهه یوسفی
1
(
دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه ارومیه
)
مینا کشاورز
2
(
گروه رفتار حرکتی و مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران
)
حسن محمدزاده
3
(
Department of Motor Behavior, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
)
کلید واژه: ترامپولین, آمادگی جسمانی, چابکی, لذت فعالیت بدنی, کودکان.,
چکیده مقاله :
کودکی فعال، انتخاب سبک زندگی فعال بدنی را در طول عمر افزایش می‌دهد. اما با توجه به رشد سریع جمعیت شهری در سراسر جهان، میزان فعالیت بدنی به‌شدت کاهش پیداکرده است. هدف این پژوهش بررسی تأثیر تمرینات ریتمیک با ترامپولین بر آمادگی جسمانی، حرکتی و لذت فعالیت بدنی پسران با دوره یادداری شش ماهه بود. پژوهش حاضر نیمه‌تجربی با طرح پیش و پس‌آزمون بود. نمونه آماری شامل 30 نفر از کودکان سوم ابتدایی بودند که به‌صورت در دسترس انتخاب و در دو گروه کنترل و تجربی قرار گرفتند. برای سنجش آمادگی جسمانی، حرکتی و لذت فعالیت بدنی، به ترتیب از آزمون شش دقیقه دویدن، آزمون برونینکس اوزورتسکی و پرسشنامه لذت فعالیت بدنی استفاده شد. گروه تجربی تمرینات با ترامپولین را به مدت هشت هفته انجام دادند و گروه کنترل مداخله‌ای دریافت نکردند. پس‌آزمون مشابه با پیش‌آزمون انجام شد. شش ماه بعد نیز آزمون یادداری انجام شد. نتایج تحلیل واریانس مرکب نشان داد تمرینات ریتمیک با ترامپولین بر آمادگی جسمانی، چابکی و لذت فعالیت بدنی کودکان تأثیر معناداری داشته، بهطوریکه احتمالاً 98% تغییرات آمادگی جسمانی، 85% چابکی و 97% لذت فعالیت بدنی اثر تمرینات با ترامپولین بوده است. در آزمون یادداری شش ماهه، فقط در فاکتور آمادگی جسمانی تفاوت معنادار بین دو گروه مشاهده شد. فعالیت‌های ریتمیک با ترامپولین بستری مناسب برای تمرین مهارت‌های حرکتی، شناختی و جسمانی است و موجب بهره‌گیری از آمادگی جسمانی و انطباق حرکات برای اجرای هدفمند می‌شود. با توجه به یافته‌های پژوهش می‌توان از ترامپولین برای افزایش آمادگی جسمانی و حرکتی، همچنین لذت بیشتر کودکان از فعالیت بدنی بهره برد.
چکیده انگلیسی :
An active childhood increases the choice of physically active lifestyle throughout life. The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of rhythmic exercises with trampoline on physical fitness, motor and enjoyment of physical activity of boys with a six-month recall period. The current research was semi-experimental, with pre-post-test design. The statistical sample consisted of 30 of children who were randomly selected and placed in two control and experimental groups. To measure physical fitness, agility, and enjoyment of physical activity, six-minute running, Bruininks-oseretsky, and physical activity enjoyment questionnaire used. The experimental group performed trampoline exercises for eight weeks, and the control group didn't receive any intervention. The post-test was similar the pre-test. Six months later, recall test was performed. The results of Mixed ANOVA showed that rhythmic exercises with trampoline had significant effect on the physical fitness, agility and enjoyment of physical activity of children, so probably 98% of the changes in physical fitness, 85% of agility and 97% of physical activity enjoyment were due to trampoline exercises. In the six-month recall test, significant difference between the two groups was observed only in the physical fitness factor. Rhythmic activities with a trampoline are suitable platform for practicing motor, cognitive and physical skills and make use of physical fitness and adaptation of movements for purposeful execution. According to the findings of the research, trampolines can be used to increase physical and motor fitness, as well as children's enjoyment of physical activity.
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