تحلیل عوامل موثر در گرایش روستاییان به مصرف گیاهان دارویی با رویکرد دانش بومی (مطالعه موردی: دهستان زوارم شیروان)
محورهای موضوعی : مطالعات برنامه ریزی شهری و منطقه ایحمداله سجاسی قیداری سجاسی قیداری 1 , ثریا عزیزی 2
1 - استادیار گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران
2 - دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران
کلید واژه: مدل وایکور, سازگاری فرهنگی, واژه‌گان کلیدی: گیاهان دارویی, طب شیمیایی, سازگاری گیاهان دارویی با بدن,
چکیده مقاله :
امروزه با توجه به آشکار شدن اثرات سوء مصرف داروهای شیمیایی برای بیشتر مصرف‌کنند‌گان، تمایل جوامع محلی از جمله مناطق روستایی که انسان به طبیعت نزدیکتر می‌باشد نیز به مصرف گیاهان دارویی افزایش یافته است. روش این پژوهش از نظر هدف کاربردی بوده و به شیوه توصیفی- تحلیلی است. جامعه آماری تحقیق شامل تمام خانوارهای روستایی دهستان زوارم(N=2095) شهرستان شیروان است که با استفاده از فرمول کوکران و اصلاح نمونه‌ها، تعداد 139 نفر خانوار به عنوان نمونه انتخاب شدند. ابزاراصلی پژوهش پرسشنامه محقق ساخته که پایایی آن با استفاده از ضریب آلفای کرونباخ(908/0) محاسبه شد که نشان دهنده اعتبار مناسب ابزار پژوهش می‌باشد. نتایج یافته‌ها نشان داد بیشترافراد ترجیح می‌دهند از گیاهان دارویی که از طبیعت تهیه می‌کنند جهت درمان و حداقل یک بار در طول عمرکه تاثیر تجربه استفاده از آن در مقایسه باطب شیمیایی بهتر بوده است استفاده نمایند. منبع آگاهی افراد در استفاده از گیاهان دارویی به صورت سینه به سینه از نسلهای قبل بوده است. بین عوامل موثر در گرایش روستائیان به استفاده از گیاهان دارویی شاخص سازگاری فرهنگی و سازگاری گیاهان دارویی با بدن نسبت به دیگر شاخص‌های تحقیق به ترتیب(39.37و39.93) موثرترین عوامل در تمایل روستائیان به استفاده از گیاهان دارویی محسوب می‌شوند. همچنین الویت‌بندی روستاها با استفاده از مدل وایکور نشان داد که میزان تمایل افراد در استفاده از گیاهان دارویی برمبنای شاخص‌های (20گانه) در روستای حسین آباد با کسب رتبه (1) بالاترین رتبه و روستای عبدآباد باکسب رتبه (10) پایین‌ترین رتبه را دارا می‌باشد.
Abstract:Regarding various side-effects of chemical medicine today, we witness modern people’s everyday widespread tendency, especially in rural areas where people are very close to nature, toward using home-made remedies and herbal medicine. Present study has an applied format in purpose and its approach is descriptive-analytical. Statistical population of this study includes all rural families (N=2095) in Zooeram - a small city located near Shirvan, Northern Khorassan Razavi – of which we took just 139 families after editing participant samples using Cockran Formula. We established a self-made questionnaire with reliability level of 0.908 using α-Chronbach coefficient.The results show that most people all over the country and also in this area prefer to use and apply medicinal herbs (medical herbs) rather than chemical medicine at least once during their life time, achieving better health results. The main reason behind this idea is oral sayings and chest to chest communication originating from previous generations.Among many effective factors behind this general tendency, we can mention cultural compatibility index and acceptability of human body to these herbal treatments in rural population (37, 39, 93, 39 respectively).Also the rank of village priorities show the extent of individual preferences to be 1 (top rank) in Hossein Abad village and 10 (the lowest rank) in Abd Abad village based on a 20-item Vikor Model.
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