تدوین سیاست‌های تخصیص منابع به منظور افزایش اثربخشی در دانشگاه‌های غیردولتی؛ رویکردی نوین
محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت بازرگانیعبدالناصر شجاعی 1 , رضا شافعی 2 , سامان رحمانی نوروزآباد 3 , مجتبی رستمی نوروزآباد 4
1 - عضو هیأت علمی گروه اقتصاد، واحد سنندج ،دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی،سنندج،ایران
2 - عضو هیأت علمی (استادیار) گروه مدیریت ،دانشگاه کردستان، کردستان-ایران
3 - دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت؛ عضو باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد سنندج
4 - دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت؛ عضو باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد سنندج
کلید واژه: عملکرد, سرمایه‌ی انسانی, سرمایه‌ی ساختاری, سرمایه‌ی ارتباطی, اثربخشی منابع, مدل‌یابی معادلات ساختاری,
چکیده مقاله :
دولت ها همواره برای نیل به اهداف والای توسعه ای خود از برنامه های توسعه و استراتژی های تدوین سیاست ها استفاده می کنند. در ایران نیز به تبع دیگر کشورهای برنامه های متعددی ارائه شده است که اخیرا نیز سند چشم اندار کشور تدوین شده است. در این سند دانشگاه ها به عنوان کانون توسعه ی علمی و فناوری از جایگاه و وظایف ویژه ای برخوردار هستند. در شرایط حساس کنونی تنها در شرایطی که دانشگاه ها از عملکرد مناسب برخوردار باشند، می توانند رسالت خود را در راستای تحقق اهداف سندچشم انداز به درستی انجام دهند. در این مطالعه با تأکید بر دانشگاه های غیردولتی و با ارائه یک رویکرد جدید سیاست های ارتقاء اثربخشی دانشگاه های غیردولتی براساس استفاده بهینه از منابع شان تدوین و ارائه گردیده است. منابع دانشگاه ها در این مطالعه در سه حیطه ی انسانی، ارتباطی و ساختاری قرار گرفته اند و بر این اساس پرسشنامه ی مشتمل بر 37 پرسش طراحی شده است که تعداد 83 پرسشنامه که توسط کارمندان و اعضای هیأت علمی دانشگاه های غیردولتی کشور عودت داده شدند. در این مطالعه ارتباط متغیرهای تحقیق با استفاده از مدل یابی معادلات ساختاری[1]، مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. این مطالعه تا حد زیادی دیگر نارسائی های دانشگاه های غیردولتی را نیز روشن نموده است که به منظور رفع این مشکلات، پیشنهادهایی برای انجام تحقیقاتی در آینده ارائه گردیده است. [1]-Structural Equation Modeling
Governments always use development programs and policy-making strategies in order to achieve their goals for development. In Iran, too, following the policies of other countries, several programs have been presented, and the prospective plan of the country has recently been compiled. In this model, universities have their special place as the center for scientific and technological development. In the current sensitive situation, universities can truly perform their mission in realizing the goals of the prospective plan only if they have proper performance. In the present study, by taking non-governmental universities into account and proposing a new approach, the researchers have compiled the promotion policies for the effectiveness of non-governmental universities based on the optimal use of their resources. The university resources have been considered in the three fields of human capital, relational capital, and structural capital in the research at hand, and accordingly, a questionnaire including 37 questions has been designed and distributed among the samples. Of the distributed questionnaires, 83 which had been filled out by university personnel and academic staff of the non-governmental universities of the country were returned. In this research, the relationship of the research variables has been studied through the use of structural equation modeling. The research has also revealed to some extent the other shortcomings of the non-governmental universities, and some suggestions have been presented for future researches in order to obviate them.
Anand, P. (2004), Capability and Health, Oxford University.
Azar, A. (1981). Designing Fuzzy Arrangement Planning for University Budgeting, PhD Thesis, Tehran: Tehran University, (In Persian).
Bontis, N. (1997), “Intellectual Capital Questionnaire”, Institute for Intellectual Capital Research, Hamilton, Canada
Bontis, N. (1998), “Intellectual Capital: An Exploratory Study that Develops Measures and Models”, Management Decision, Vol. 36, No. 2, pp. 63-76
Bontis, N., Keow, W.C. and Richardson, S. (2000), “Intellectual Capital and Business Performance in Malaysian Industries”, Journal of Intellectual Capital, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 85-100
Bontis, N. (2001), “Assessing Knowledge Assets: A Review of the Models Used to Measure Intellectual Capital”, International Journal of Management Reviews, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 41-60
Bontis, N. (2002), “Managing Organizational Knowledge by Diagnosing Intellectual Capital: Framing and Advancing the State of the Field”, International Journal of Technology Management, Vol. 18, No. 5/6/7/8, pp. 433-462
Bontis, N. (2009), “Assessing Knowledge Assets: A Review of the Models Used to Measure Intellectual Capital”, International Journal of Management Reviews, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 41-60
Dawas, D. E. (2002). Surveying in Social Research. Translated by: H. Nayebi, Tehran: Ney Puplication, (In Persian).
Detya. (2000), Higher education report for the 2000 to 2002 triennium. Canberra: Department of Education, Training and Youth Affairs
Detya. (1999), Selected higher education finance statistics. Department of Education, Training and Youth Affairs.
Drucker, P.F. (1991), “The New Productivity Challenge”, Harvard Business Review, Vol. 69, pp. 69-76
Drucker, P.F. (1993), “Post-Capitalist Society”, HarperCollins, New York
Edvinsson, L. and Malone, M. (1997), “Intellectual Capital: Realizing Your Company’s True Value by Finding its Hidden Brain-Power”, HarperCollins, New York
Edvinsson, L. and Sullivan, P. (1996), “Developing a Model for Managing Intellectual Capital”, European Management Journal, Vol. 14, No. 4, pp. 356-364
Entezari, Y. (2010). Providing a Model for Funding Public Universities. Quarterly Journal of Research and Planning in Higher Education, 16(57), (In Persian).
Entezari, Y. (2011). Analysis of the Functioning of Budget Allocation to Public Universities. Quarterly Journal of Research and Planning in Higher Education, 17(60), (In Persian).
Ezzati, M., & Naderi, A. (2009). Effect of Financial Allocation Mechanisms on the Educational Performance of Academic Groups: A Case Study of Tehran University. Quarterly Journal of Research and Planning in Higher Education, 15(2), (In Persian).
Fornell, C. (1987), “A Second Generation of Multivariate Analysis: Classification of Methods and Implications for Marketing Research”, Houston, M.J. (Ed.), American
Fruin, W. M. (1997), Knowledge works: Managing intellectual capital at Toshiba. New York: Oxford University Press
HEFCE. (2002), funding higher education in England: How the HEFCE allocates its funds. Bristol: Higher Education Funding Council for England
Hopkins G.P, Iarreche J, Massy W.F. (1977), Constrained Optimization Vol. 24. Of A University Administrator’s performance Function mgmt. Sci. allocation operating Budgets of Academic Units
Hoyle, R.H. (1995), Structural Equation Modeling, SAGE Publications, Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA
Hudson, W. (1993), “Intellectual Capital: How to Build it, Enhance it, Use it”, John Wiley, New York, NY
Jöreskog, K. G. and D. Sörbom (1989), LISREL7: A Guide to the Program and Applications, 2nd edition, SPSS Inc, Chicago
Kaiser F, Vossensteyn H, Koelman J. (2001), Public funding of higher education- A comparative study of funding mechanisms in ten countries. Report prepared for the Duch Ministery of Education, Culture and Sciences on funding mechanism in higher education in a number of European countries, New Zealand and Tennessee
Khaki, Gh. R. (2000). Research Method in Management. Tehran: Islamic Azad University Press Center, (In Persian).
Khalili Iraqi, S. M., & Sori, A. (2002). A Solution for Resource Optimization in Higher Education. Quarterly Journal of Research and Planning in Higher Education, 21, 11-22, (In Persian).
Leitner, K. H. (2004), Intellectual capital reporting for universities: Conceptual background and application for Austrian universities. Research Evaluation, 13(2), 129–140
Mahmoudi, V. (2006). The Concept of Capability in Conomic Analysis, Strategic Research Center of Expediency Council. Economic Research Report, 85, (In Persian).
NCES. (1997), National center for education statistics: Finance FY97 survey, integrated postsecondary education data system. U.S. Department of Education
Nobakht, M. B. (2009). Oil, the Leading Section in Iran's Unbalanced Development. Strategic Quarterly, 52, (In Persian).
Ohio board of regents. (2009), Higher education funding study council. Available from: http://www.regents.state.oh.us/hefsc/ index. Html
Sen, A. (2003). Development as Freedom. Translated by: V. Mahmoodi, Tehran: Tehran University Press, (In Persian).
Shojaei, A. N., & Bagbaniyan, M. (2009). Investigating the Relationship between Intellectual Capital and Organizational Performance of the Banking Industry of Iran: A Case Study of Kurdistan Province. Quarterly of Industrial Management, 4(9), 107-118, (In Persian).
Shojaei, A. N. (2012). Development of Allocation Policies in the Higher Education System Based on the Optimal Combination of Resources with Emphasis on Nongovernmental Universities. Research Project, Center for Strategic Research of the Expediency Council, (In Persian).
Stiglitz, Joseph E.(1999a), Knowledge for Development: Economic Science, Economic Policy, and Economic Advice, in Boris Pelvic and Joseph E. Stieglitz, eds., Annual World Bank Conference on Development Economics 1998. Washington D.C: World Bank
Tommasa Agasisti, Miehela, Arnaboladi, Ghovani Azzone, (2008),Starategic management accounting in universities:The Italian experience
Ullman, J.B. (1996), Structural Equation Modeling (In: Using Multivariate Statistics, Third Edition, B.G. Tabachnick and L.S. Fidel, Eds.). Harper Collins College Publishers. New York, NY. pp.709-819
World Bank. (1997), China higher education reform. Washington DC: The World Bank.
_||_
Anand, P. (2004), Capability and Health, Oxford University.
Azar, A. (1981). Designing Fuzzy Arrangement Planning for University Budgeting, PhD Thesis, Tehran: Tehran University, (In Persian).
Bontis, N. (1997), “Intellectual Capital Questionnaire”, Institute for Intellectual Capital Research, Hamilton, Canada
Bontis, N. (1998), “Intellectual Capital: An Exploratory Study that Develops Measures and Models”, Management Decision, Vol. 36, No. 2, pp. 63-76
Bontis, N., Keow, W.C. and Richardson, S. (2000), “Intellectual Capital and Business Performance in Malaysian Industries”, Journal of Intellectual Capital, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 85-100
Bontis, N. (2001), “Assessing Knowledge Assets: A Review of the Models Used to Measure Intellectual Capital”, International Journal of Management Reviews, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 41-60
Bontis, N. (2002), “Managing Organizational Knowledge by Diagnosing Intellectual Capital: Framing and Advancing the State of the Field”, International Journal of Technology Management, Vol. 18, No. 5/6/7/8, pp. 433-462
Bontis, N. (2009), “Assessing Knowledge Assets: A Review of the Models Used to Measure Intellectual Capital”, International Journal of Management Reviews, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 41-60
Dawas, D. E. (2002). Surveying in Social Research. Translated by: H. Nayebi, Tehran: Ney Puplication, (In Persian).
Detya. (2000), Higher education report for the 2000 to 2002 triennium. Canberra: Department of Education, Training and Youth Affairs
Detya. (1999), Selected higher education finance statistics. Department of Education, Training and Youth Affairs.
Drucker, P.F. (1991), “The New Productivity Challenge”, Harvard Business Review, Vol. 69, pp. 69-76
Drucker, P.F. (1993), “Post-Capitalist Society”, HarperCollins, New York
Edvinsson, L. and Malone, M. (1997), “Intellectual Capital: Realizing Your Company’s True Value by Finding its Hidden Brain-Power”, HarperCollins, New York
Edvinsson, L. and Sullivan, P. (1996), “Developing a Model for Managing Intellectual Capital”, European Management Journal, Vol. 14, No. 4, pp. 356-364
Entezari, Y. (2010). Providing a Model for Funding Public Universities. Quarterly Journal of Research and Planning in Higher Education, 16(57), (In Persian).
Entezari, Y. (2011). Analysis of the Functioning of Budget Allocation to Public Universities. Quarterly Journal of Research and Planning in Higher Education, 17(60), (In Persian).
Ezzati, M., & Naderi, A. (2009). Effect of Financial Allocation Mechanisms on the Educational Performance of Academic Groups: A Case Study of Tehran University. Quarterly Journal of Research and Planning in Higher Education, 15(2), (In Persian).
Fornell, C. (1987), “A Second Generation of Multivariate Analysis: Classification of Methods and Implications for Marketing Research”, Houston, M.J. (Ed.), American
Fruin, W. M. (1997), Knowledge works: Managing intellectual capital at Toshiba. New York: Oxford University Press
HEFCE. (2002), funding higher education in England: How the HEFCE allocates its funds. Bristol: Higher Education Funding Council for England
Hopkins G.P, Iarreche J, Massy W.F. (1977), Constrained Optimization Vol. 24. Of A University Administrator’s performance Function mgmt. Sci. allocation operating Budgets of Academic Units
Hoyle, R.H. (1995), Structural Equation Modeling, SAGE Publications, Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA
Hudson, W. (1993), “Intellectual Capital: How to Build it, Enhance it, Use it”, John Wiley, New York, NY
Jöreskog, K. G. and D. Sörbom (1989), LISREL7: A Guide to the Program and Applications, 2nd edition, SPSS Inc, Chicago
Kaiser F, Vossensteyn H, Koelman J. (2001), Public funding of higher education- A comparative study of funding mechanisms in ten countries. Report prepared for the Duch Ministery of Education, Culture and Sciences on funding mechanism in higher education in a number of European countries, New Zealand and Tennessee
Khaki, Gh. R. (2000). Research Method in Management. Tehran: Islamic Azad University Press Center, (In Persian).
Khalili Iraqi, S. M., & Sori, A. (2002). A Solution for Resource Optimization in Higher Education. Quarterly Journal of Research and Planning in Higher Education, 21, 11-22, (In Persian).
Leitner, K. H. (2004), Intellectual capital reporting for universities: Conceptual background and application for Austrian universities. Research Evaluation, 13(2), 129–140
Mahmoudi, V. (2006). The Concept of Capability in Conomic Analysis, Strategic Research Center of Expediency Council. Economic Research Report, 85, (In Persian).
NCES. (1997), National center for education statistics: Finance FY97 survey, integrated postsecondary education data system. U.S. Department of Education
Nobakht, M. B. (2009). Oil, the Leading Section in Iran's Unbalanced Development. Strategic Quarterly, 52, (In Persian).
Ohio board of regents. (2009), Higher education funding study council. Available from: http://www.regents.state.oh.us/hefsc/ index. Html
Sen, A. (2003). Development as Freedom. Translated by: V. Mahmoodi, Tehran: Tehran University Press, (In Persian).
Shojaei, A. N., & Bagbaniyan, M. (2009). Investigating the Relationship between Intellectual Capital and Organizational Performance of the Banking Industry of Iran: A Case Study of Kurdistan Province. Quarterly of Industrial Management, 4(9), 107-118, (In Persian).
Shojaei, A. N. (2012). Development of Allocation Policies in the Higher Education System Based on the Optimal Combination of Resources with Emphasis on Nongovernmental Universities. Research Project, Center for Strategic Research of the Expediency Council, (In Persian).
Stiglitz, Joseph E.(1999a), Knowledge for Development: Economic Science, Economic Policy, and Economic Advice, in Boris Pelvic and Joseph E. Stieglitz, eds., Annual World Bank Conference on Development Economics 1998. Washington D.C: World Bank
Tommasa Agasisti, Miehela, Arnaboladi, Ghovani Azzone, (2008),Starategic management accounting in universities:The Italian experience
Ullman, J.B. (1996), Structural Equation Modeling (In: Using Multivariate Statistics, Third Edition, B.G. Tabachnick and L.S. Fidel, Eds.). Harper Collins College Publishers. New York, NY. pp.709-819
World Bank. (1997), China higher education reform. Washington DC: The World Bank.