Choose a Planting Substrate and Fertilization Method to Achieve Optimal Growth of Araucaria excelsa
محورهای موضوعی : مجله گیاهان زینتی
Hajar Ashoorzadeh
1
(Department of Horticulture, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran)
Ali Mohammadi Torkashvand
2
(Department of Soil Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran)
Ali Mahboub Khomami
3
(Soil and Water Research Department, Gilan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Rasht, Iran)
کلید واژه: vermicompost, <i>Araucaria excelsa</i>, Fe nanofertilizer, Growt medium,
چکیده مقاله :
Due to the lack of scientific knowledge for the use of substrate and best fertilizing method in the growth of Araucaria excelsa, it is crucially important to find the most appropriate planting substrate and fertilizing method. The effect of conventional fertilizing method and the application of Fe nanofertilizer were studied on the growth of A. excelsa in which six fertilizing methods and three substrates were examined in a factorial experiment based on a Randomized Complete Design with three replications. The seedlings of A. excelsa were transferred to 4-L pots after the selection of substrate type and were placed in greenhouse at day/night temperature of 21-23/17-19°C. Some growth indices were recorded including plant height, lateral shoot length, stem diameter, root length, shoot and root fresh weight, shoot and root dry weight, total fresh and dry weight, and the concentrations of some nutrients in leaves. It was found that the substrate A3 (25% cocopeat + 25% vermicompost + 25% light soil + 25% perlite) was the most appropriate substrate for this plant in terms of most estimated traits (lateral shoot length, root fresh weight, root dry weight, total dry weight, and shoot P and Fe content). Among fertilizing compounds, the treatment B3 (Ferrilene + NPK (20-20-20) + diammonium phosphate + potassium sulfate + ammonium sulfate) was found to be superior for some traits like lateral shoot length, shoot fresh weight, total fresh weight, shoot dry weight and total dry weight. It was revealed that the treatment A3B2 (25% cocopeat + 25% vermicompost + 25% light soil + 25% perlite) + diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate and ammonium sulfate was the most appropriate treatment in terms of shoot and root fresh weight, total fresh weight and total dry weight. So, it is recommended to apply this treatment in the production of Araucaria excelsa.
به دلیل عدم دانش علمی اثبات شده در بهکارگیری بستر کشت و روش بهتر تغذیه، تعیین مناسبترین بستر کشت و روش تغذیه برای این گیاه از اهمیت فراوانی برخوردار است. این تحقیق جهت مقایسه روش متداول کوددهی واستفاده ازنانو کودآهن بررشدوعملکرد کاج مطبق با استفاده از 6 روش تغذیه و 3 بستر کشت متفاوت به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی در 3 تکرار اجرا گردید. در این آزمایش نشاهای کاج آروکاریای زینتی پس از انتخاب نوع بستر به گلدانهای 4 لیتری انتقال یافتند و در گلخانهای مسقف با محدوده دمایی 17 تا 19 درجه سانتیگراد در شب و 21 تا 23 درجه سانتیگراد در روز نگهداری شدند. برخی از فاکتورهای رشد نظیر ارتفاع بوته، طول شاخههای جانبی، قطر ساقه، طول ریشه، وزن تر اندام هوایی و ریشه، وزن خشک اندام هوایی و ریشه و وزن تر و خشک کل بوته و غلظت برخی عناصر غذایی در برگ اندازهگیری شدند. نتایج نشان داد که از بین تیمارهای بستر کشت تیمار A3 (25% کوکوپیت+ 25% ورمیکمپوست+ 25% خاک سبک+ 25% پرلیت) در اکثر صفات مورد ارزیابی (طول شاخه جانبی، وزن تر ریشه، وزن خشک ریشه، وزن خشک کل بوته، فسفر و آهن اندام هوایی)، مناسبترین بستر کشت برای نهالهای ریشهدار این گیاه ارزشمند زینتی میباشد. از نظر تغذیه با ترکیبهای مختلف کودی، تیمار B3 (فریلن)+20-20-20)NPK + فسفات دی آمونیم+ سولفات پتاسیم+ سولفات آمونیم) به دلیل داشتن اکثر عناصر و هم چنین منابع غذایی مورد نیاز در برخی صفات (طول شاخه جانبی، وزن تر اندام هوایی، وزن تر کل بوته، وزن خشک اندام هوایی و وزن خشک کل) دارای برتری میباشد. نتایج نشان داد که تیمار A3B2 (25% کوکوپیت+ 25% ورمی کمپوست+ 25% خاک سبک+ 25% پرلیت) به همراه فسفات دی آمونیم، سولفات پتاسیم و سولفات آمونیم از نظر برخی فاکتورهای رشد نظیر وزن تر اندام هوایی و ریشه، وزن تر کل و وزن خشک کل نسبت به سایر تیمارها دارای برتری میباشد و برای تولید کنندگان گیاهان زینتی قابل توصیه است.
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