تحلیل کارایی الگوریتمهای فراابتکاری در بهینهسازی سبد سهام
محورهای موضوعی : دانش مالی تحلیل اوراق بهادارسینا شیرطوانی 1 , مهدی همایونفر 2 , کیهان آزادی 3 , امیر دانشور 4
1 - دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت صنعتی- مالی، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران
2 - استادیار، گروه مدیریت صنعتی، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران(نویسنده مسئول)
3 - استادیار، گروه حسابداری، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران
4 - استادیار، گروه مدیریت فناوری اطلاعات، واحد الکترونیکی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
کلید واژه: بهینهسازی, سبد سهام, الگوریتمهای فراابتکاری, الگوریتم ژنتیک, الگوریتم کلنی مورچگان,
چکیده مقاله :
مهمترین هدف هر سرمایهگذار در بازار بورس افزایش بازده و کاهش ریسک سرمایهگذاری است. لذا هدف از اجرای این پژوهش تحلیل کارایی الگوریتمهای فراابتکاری در بهینهسازی سبد سهام می باشد. نظر به اینکه در این تحقیق، عملکرد گذشته شرکتهای بورس اوراق بهادار تهران در مطالعات گذشته از سال 1390-1399 مورد بررسی قرار میگیرد، بنابراین پژوهش حاضر از لحاظ طرح تحقیق، پس رویدادی با استفاده از تکنیکهای دلفی و فراتحلیل بود.جامعه آماری پژوهش حاضر محققین دانشگاهی در زمینه مالی و فعال در بورس اوراق بهادار تهران بوده و شیوه نمونهگیری در این پژوهش هدفمند با حجم 30 نفر در نظر گرفته شد.ابزار جمعآوری اطلاعات پرسشنامه محققساخته بوده است. شیوه گردآوری اطلاعات مصاحبه ساختاریافته از محققین و مرور نتایج حاصل از مطالعات مختلف در زمینه تعیین سبد بهینه سهام در بورس اوراق بهادار تهران بوده است. به منظور تجزیه و تحلیل اطلاعات از نرم افزار Spss نسخه 23 و لیزرل نسخه 5/7 شد. نتایج نشان داد از میان الگوریتمهای فراابتکاری الگوریتم ژنتیک، کلونی مورچگان و کلونی زنبور عسل مناسبترین ابزار با هدف عدم توقف در نقاط بهینه محلی و عدم همگرایی زودرس هستند. در نهایت بعد از ارزیابی الگوریتمهای مناسب، مقایسه میانگین ریسک و بازده سبد سهام در الگوریتمهای ژنتیک، کلونی مورچگان و کلونی زنبور عسل در واحد مطالعات صورت گرفته، نشان دادند به لحاظ معیار کاهش ریسک الگوریتمهای ژنتیک و زنبور عسل و در خصوص افزایش بازده سبد بهینه سهام الگوریتم زنبور عسل کاراتر عمل نموده است.
The most important goal of every investor in the stock market is to increase returns and reduce investment risk. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to analyze the effectiveness of meta-heuristic algorithms in stock portfolio optimization. Considering that in this research, the past performance of Tehran Stock Exchange companies is examined in past studies from 1390-1399, therefore, in terms of the research design, this research was post-event using Delphi and meta-analysis techniques. The statistical community of this research Academic researchers in the field of finance and active in the Tehran Stock Exchange, and the sampling method in this research was targeted with a volume of 30 people. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. The method of collecting information was structured interview of researchers and review of the results of various studies in the field of determining the optimal stock portfolio in Tehran Stock Exchange. In order to analyze the data, Spss software version 23 and Laserl version 5.7 were used. The results showed that among meta-heuristic algorithms of genetic algorithm, ant colony and bee colony are the most suitable tools with the aim of not stopping at local optimal points and not premature convergence. Finally, after evaluating the appropriate algorithms, a comparison of the average risk and returns of the stock portfolio in genetic algorithms, ant colony and bee colony was done in the study unit, they showed that in terms of the criteria of reducing the risk of genetic and bee algorithms and in terms of increasing the return of the optimal portfolio Stock bee algorithm has worked more efficiently.
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