اثرات زیرکشنده‌ی حشره‌کش‌های آزادیراکتین، سایپرمترین و متوکسی‌فنوزاید روی زنبورHabrobracon hebetor Say (Hym.: Braconidae)
محورهای موضوعی : حشره شناسی گیاهان زراعی
کلید واژه: Habrobracon hebetor, حشره‌کش‌های زیست‌سازگار, فراسنجه‌های جمعیتی, زنبور اکتوپارازیتویید,
چکیده مقاله :
زنبور Habrobracon hebetor Say یکی از پارازیتوییدهای مهم لارو بسیاری از آفات به خصوص بال پولک داران خانواده های Noctuidae و Pyralidae می باشد. با توجه به پتانسیل این پارازیتویید در کنترل برخی از آفات مهم بالپولکی، اثرات چند حشره کش روی آن مورد اررزیابی قرار گرفت. پرورش زنبور پارازیتویید روی لاروهای سن آخر شب پره ی مدیترانه ای آرد Zeller Anagasta kuehniellaدر اتاقک رشدی با شرایط دمایی ºC 1 26، رطوبت نسبی 5 70% و دوره ی نوری 16 ساعت روشنایی و 8 ساعت تاریکی انجام گرفت. آزمایش های زیست سنجی روی حشرات کامل زنبور به روش تماس با باقیمانده ی سموم صورت گرفت. در این مطالعه، اثرات زیرکشندگی حشره کش های سایپرمترین، متوکسی فنوزاید و دو فرمولاسیون تجاری آزادیراکتین (بیونیم®و نیم گارد®)روی فراسنجه های جدول زندگی و تولیدمثلی زنبور پارازیتویید بررسی شد. در شاهد و تیمارهای حشره کشی، با افزایش سن زنبور نرخ بقا روند نزولی داشت. تیمارهای شاهد و سایپرمترین به ترتیب بیشترین و کمترین امید زندگی را داشتند. حداکثر طول عمر ثبت شده برای زنبور در شاهد، بیونیم، نیم گارد، متوکسی فنوزاید و سایپرمترین به ترتیب 40، 36، 30، 33 و 21 روز بود. بیشترین نرخ خالص باروری در شاهد (64/93 تخم) دیده شد و تیمار نیم گارد (69/53 تخم) بیشترین اثر سوء را روی نرخ خالص باروری داشت. درصورت تایید نتایج توسط مطالعات تکمیلی مزرعه ای، می توان غیر از سایپرمترین از بقیه ی حشره کش های مورد مطالعه، همراه با این عامل کنترل بیولوژیک در برنامه های مدیریت تلفیقی آفات استفاده نمود.
The Habrobracon hebetor Sayis an important ectoparasitoid of larval stage of various lepidopterous insect pests such as the families Noctuidae and Pyralidae. Because of the potency of the parasitoid for controlling several important lepidopteran insect pests, the effects of three insecticides were assessed on it. The wasps were reared on the last instar larvae of Anagasta kuehniella Zeller at 26±1°C, 70±5% RH and a photoperiod of 16:8 (L:D) h. The adult wasps were exposed to fresh residues of the insecticides. In this study, sublethal effects of cypermethrin, methoxyfenozide and two formulations of azadirachtin (BioNeem® and Neem guard®) were evaluated based on the life table and reproduction parameters of H. hebetor. The survivorship was affected by the insecticides. The maximum and minimum of life expectancy was observed in the control and cypermethrin, respectively. The maximum life span of females was estimated 40, 36, 30, 33 and 21 days in the control, BioNeem, Neem Guard, methoxyfenozide and cypermethrin, respectively. The highest net fertility rate was recorded in the control (93.64 eggs). Net fertility rate was affected significantly by Neem Guard treatment (53.69 eggs). Results showed that almost all insecticides excluding cypermethrin had less adverse effects on the parasitoid. Semi field and field studies aiming to assess efficacy of combined use of insecticides and H. hebetor is needed to obtain more applicable results.
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