ارائه‌ی طرح برای ساختمان‌های دارای پنل خورشیدی با کسب زوایای بهینه‌ی ماه‌های مختلف سال جهت افزایش میزان تولید برق
محورهای موضوعی :
مدیریت محیط زیست
پریا شفیع پوریوردشاهی
1
,
حسین سلیمانی
2
,
مهدی سلیمانی قره گل
3
1 - عضو هیئت علمی، گروه معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه فنی و حرفه‌ای، تهران، ایران.* (مسوول مکاتبات)
2 - استادیار گروه مهندسی برق، دانشگاه فنی حرفه ای، تهران، ایران.
3 - عضو هیئت علمی، گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه فنی و حرفه‌ای، تهران، ایرانن
تاریخ دریافت : 1401/11/23
تاریخ پذیرش : 1402/03/09
تاریخ انتشار : 1402/07/01
کلید واژه:
ساختمان,
زاویه‌ی بهینه,
بازدهی,
پنل‌های خورشیدی,
معماری,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: امروزه طراحی، معماری و زیباسازی شهری توسط پنل های خورشیدی برای جذب انرژی پاک که منجر به کاهش گازهای گلخانه ای و آلودگی های زیست محیطی می شود، مورد توجه معماران و مهندسان قرار گرفته است. در این مقاله با توجه به اهمیت موضوع، طرحی برای بدست آوردن بهینه ترین زاویه پنل ها برای کسب بیشترین بازدهی ارائه می گردد تا با بررسی زوایای مختلف قرارگیری پنل ها به سمت خورشید در اجزای مختلف ساختمان، بیشترین بازدهی ممکن به دست بیاید.روش بررسی: پژوهش حاضر از نظر هدف کاربردی و دارای رویکرد کمی است. در این مقاله، یک نیروگاه 2 کیلووات جدا از شبکه توزیع برق، واقع در منطقه ی آلمان آباد شهر ارومیه انتخاب گردیده که با وارد کردن مشخصات آن در نرم افزار PVsyst و انجام شبیه سازی، اطلاعات مربوط به انرژی تولیدی برای تمامی ماه ها با زوایای مختلف قرارگیری پنل ها مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. سپس مقایسه ای بین میزان بازدهی به دست آمده از نرم افزار و سیستم اجراشده با در نظر گرفتن زوایای بهینه انجام و راهکار طراحی معماری ارائه می گردد.یافته ها: نتایج نشان می دهد که نصب پنل های خورشیدی در قسمت های مختلف بنا با زوایای بهینه، بیشترین بازدهی را در تمامی ماه ها ایجاد می کند. مقایسه ی میزان بازدهی محاسبه شده در زوایای بهینه ی استخراج شده از نرم افزار و میزان بازدهی عملی در نیروگاه توزیع برق نمونه نشان می دهد که انرژی تولیدی در هر دو حالت اختلاف ناچیزی با هم دارند که نشان از تصدیق شبیه سازی ها دارد.بحث و نتیجه گیری: در صورتی که پنل های خورشیدی در بهینه ترین زاویه ی ممکن در هر ماه تنظیم شوند، در طول یک سال 8/5 درصد بازدهی بیشتری نسبت به حالت ثابت خواهند داشت. لذا در این پژوهش، طرح های مختلفی برای طراحی و زیباسازی شهری توسط پنل های خورشیدی پیشنهاد می گردد که علاوه بر حفظ بازدهی، طراحی مناسبی از لحاظ معماری ایرانی داشته باشند.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Background and Objective: Nowadays, the design, architecture and urban beautification by solar panels to absorb clean energy that leads to the reduction of greenhouse gases and environmental pollution have attracted the attention of architects and engineers. In this article, due to the importance of the subject, a model is presented to obtain the most optimal angle of the panels to obtain the highest efficiency, so that the highest possible efficiency can be obtained by examining the different angles of placing the panels towards the sun in different components of the building.Material and Methodology: The current research is applied in terms of purpose and has a quantitative approach. In this article, a 2 kW power plant, separated from the electricity distribution network, located in Almanabad area of Urmia city, has been selected, and by entering its specifications in the PVsyst software and performing simulation, the information related to the produced energy for all months has been examined.Findings: The results show that The results showed that installing solar panels in different parts of the building with optimal angles creates the highest efficiency in all months. The comparison of the efficiency calculated in the optimal angles extracted from the software and the practical efficiency in the sample power distribution plant shows that the energy produced in both cases has a slight difference, which shows the confirmation of the simulations.Discussion and Conclusion: If the solar panels are set at the most optimal possible angle every month, they will have 5.8% more efficiency than the fixed state during a year. Therefore, in this research, various plans for urban design and beautification by solar panels are suggested, which in addition to maintaining efficiency, have a suitable design in terms of Iranian architecture.
منابع و مأخذ:
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Efthymiou, M., Kontonis, P.R., Leonidou, A., Kazanakis, G. and Vassiliades, C. 2020. Investigation of sun protection issues via the active and passive building integration of active solar energy systems: A case study of the renovation of an existing building in cyprus. IOP Conf. Ser. Earth Environ. Sci. 410, 012063
Italos, C., Patsias, M., Yiangou, A., Stavrinou, S. and Vassiliades, C. 2022. Use of double skin façade with building integrated solar systems for an energy renovation of an existing building in Limassol, Cyprus: Energy performance analisis. Energy Reports, Vol.8, pp. 15144-15161.
Duan, Q., Feng, Y. and Wang, J. 2021. Clustering of visible and infrared solar irradiance for solar architecture design and analysis. Renewable Energy, Vol 165, pp. 668-677.
Kougias, I., Taylor, N., Kakoulaki, G. and Jäger-Waldau, A. 2021. The role of photovoltaics for the European Green Deal and the recovery plan. Renew. Energy Rev, Vol. 144, 111017.
Jäger-Waldau, A. 2018. Snapshot of photovoltaics. EPJ Photovolt. Vol 9, pp. 6-21.
Prasad, D. and Snow, M. 2014. Designing with Solar Power: A Source Book for Building Integrated Photovoltaics.
Huo M.L and Zhang D.W. 2012. Lessons from photovoltaic policies in China for future development. Energy Policy, Vol.51, pp.38–45.
Ngoc, T.N., Sanseverino, E.R., Quang, N.N., Romano, P., Viola, F., Van, B.D., Huy, H.N., Trong, T.T. and Phung, Q.N. 2019. A hierarchical architecture for increasing efficiency of large photovoltaic plants unde non-homogeneous solar irradiation. Solar Energy, Vol.188, pp.1306-1319.
Kumar, N. M., Sudhakar, K., and Samykano, M. 2019. Performance comparison of BAPV and BIPV systems with c-Si, CIS and CdTe photovoltaic technologies under tropical weather conditions. Case Studies in Thermal Engineering, Vol.13, 100374.
Lakshika, K.A.H., Sandaru Boralessa, M.A.K., Perera, M.K., Wadduwange, D.P., Saravanan, V. and Udayanga Hemapala, K.T.M. 2020. Reconfigurable solar photovoltaic systems: A review, Heliyon, 6. pp. 581-599.
Vassiliadges, C., Agathokleous, R., Barone, G., Forzano, C., Giuzio, G.F., Palombo, A., Buonomano, A. and Kalogirou, S. 2022. Building integration of active solar energy systems: A review of geometrical and architectural characteristics. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,164. pp. 267-282.
Elias Weber, R., Mueller, C. and Reinhart, C. 2022. Solar Exoskeletons-An integrated building system combining solar gain control with structural efficiency. Solar Energy, Vol.240, pp.301-314.
Banirazi Motlagh. S.H., Amin Hosseini, S.M. and Pons-Valladares, O. 2022. Integrated value model for sustainability assessment of residential solar energy systems towards minimizing urban air pollution in Tehran. Solar Energy, Vol.249, pp.40-66. (In Persian)
Biyik, E., Araz, M., Hepbasli, A., Shahrestani, M., Yao, R., Shao, L., Essah, E., Oliveira, A. C., Del Cano, T., and Rico, E. 2017. A key review of building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) systems. Engineering science and technology, 20(3), pp. 833-858.
Tripathy, M., Sadhu, P., and Panda, S. 2016. A critical review on building integrated photovoltaic products and their applications. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 61, 451-465.
Zomer, C., Custodio, I., Antoniolli, A. and Ruther, R. 2020. Performance assessment of partially shaded building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) systems in a positive-energy solar energy laboratory building: Architecture perspectives. Solar Energy, 211, pp. 879-896.
Hoang Bao Huy, T., Truong Dinh, H. and Kim, D. 2023. Multi-objective framework for a home energy management system with the integration of solar energy and an electric vehicle using an augmented ε-constraint method and lexicographic optimization. Sustainable Cities and Society, Vol. 88, pp. 569-582.
Gosh, A. 2020. Potential of building integrated and attached/applied photovoltaic (BIPV/BAPV) for adaptive less energy-hungry building’s skin: A comprehensive review. Journal of Cleaner Production, Vol. 276, pp. 1262-1273.
Kumar, N.M., Sudhakar, K., Samykano, M. and Sukumaran, S. 2018. Dust cleaning robots (DCR) for BIPV and BAPV solar power plants-A conceptual framework and research challenges, Procedia Computer Science, Vol. 133, pp. 746-754.
Nallapaneni K., Manoj, K., Sudhakar, K. and Samykano, M. 2019. Performance comparison of BAPV and BIPV systems with c-Si, CIS and CdTe photovoltaic technologies under tropical weather conditions. Case Studies in Thermal Engineering, Vol 13, pp. 100374.
Kladen, N., Weisse, D., Robler, T., Holger Neuhaus, D. and Kraft, A. 2021. Performance of shingled solar modules under partial shading, Photovoltaics Wiley, pp. 325-338.
AmoAwuku, S., Bennadji and Muhammad-Sukki, F. 2021. Myth or gold? The power of aesthetics in the adoption of building integrated photovoltaics (BIPVs). Energy Nexus, Vol. 4, 100021.
Gupta, D.K., Langelaar, M., Barink, M. and Keulen, F. 2016. Optimizing front metallization patterns: Efficiency with aesthetics in free-form solar cells, Renewable Energy. Vol 86, pp. 1332-1339.
Behera, D.D., Das, S.S., Mishra, S.P., Mohanty, R.C., Mohanty, A.M. and Nayak, B.B. 2022. Simulation of solar operated grass cutting machine using PVSYST software, Materialstoday. Vol.62, pp. 3044-3050.
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Kolokotsa, D., Santamouris, M. and Young Yun, G. 2022. 3.19-Passive solar architecture. Comprehensive Renewable Energy, Vol. 3, pp. 725-741.
Efthymiou, M., Kontonis, P.R., Leonidou, A., Kazanakis, G. and Vassiliades, C. 2020. Investigation of sun protection issues via the active and passive building integration of active solar energy systems: A case study of the renovation of an existing building in cyprus. IOP Conf. Ser. Earth Environ. Sci. 410, 012063
Italos, C., Patsias, M., Yiangou, A., Stavrinou, S. and Vassiliades, C. 2022. Use of double skin façade with building integrated solar systems for an energy renovation of an existing building in Limassol, Cyprus: Energy performance analisis. Energy Reports, Vol.8, pp. 15144-15161.
Duan, Q., Feng, Y. and Wang, J. 2021. Clustering of visible and infrared solar irradiance for solar architecture design and analysis. Renewable Energy, Vol 165, pp. 668-677.
Kougias, I., Taylor, N., Kakoulaki, G. and Jäger-Waldau, A. 2021. The role of photovoltaics for the European Green Deal and the recovery plan. Renew. Energy Rev, Vol. 144, 111017.
Jäger-Waldau, A. 2018. Snapshot of photovoltaics. EPJ Photovolt. Vol 9, pp. 6-21.
Prasad, D. and Snow, M. 2014. Designing with Solar Power: A Source Book for Building Integrated Photovoltaics.
Huo M.L and Zhang D.W. 2012. Lessons from photovoltaic policies in China for future development. Energy Policy, Vol.51, pp.38–45.
Ngoc, T.N., Sanseverino, E.R., Quang, N.N., Romano, P., Viola, F., Van, B.D., Huy, H.N., Trong, T.T. and Phung, Q.N. 2019. A hierarchical architecture for increasing efficiency of large photovoltaic plants unde non-homogeneous solar irradiation. Solar Energy, Vol.188, pp.1306-1319.
Kumar, N. M., Sudhakar, K., and Samykano, M. 2019. Performance comparison of BAPV and BIPV systems with c-Si, CIS and CdTe photovoltaic technologies under tropical weather conditions. Case Studies in Thermal Engineering, Vol.13, 100374.
Lakshika, K.A.H., Sandaru Boralessa, M.A.K., Perera, M.K., Wadduwange, D.P., Saravanan, V. and Udayanga Hemapala, K.T.M. 2020. Reconfigurable solar photovoltaic systems: A review, Heliyon, 6. pp. 581-599.
Vassiliadges, C., Agathokleous, R., Barone, G., Forzano, C., Giuzio, G.F., Palombo, A., Buonomano, A. and Kalogirou, S. 2022. Building integration of active solar energy systems: A review of geometrical and architectural characteristics. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,164. pp. 267-282.
Elias Weber, R., Mueller, C. and Reinhart, C. 2022. Solar Exoskeletons-An integrated building system combining solar gain control with structural efficiency. Solar Energy, Vol.240, pp.301-314.
Banirazi Motlagh. S.H., Amin Hosseini, S.M. and Pons-Valladares, O. 2022. Integrated value model for sustainability assessment of residential solar energy systems towards minimizing urban air pollution in Tehran. Solar Energy, Vol.249, pp.40-66. (In Persian)
Biyik, E., Araz, M., Hepbasli, A., Shahrestani, M., Yao, R., Shao, L., Essah, E., Oliveira, A. C., Del Cano, T., and Rico, E. 2017. A key review of building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) systems. Engineering science and technology, 20(3), pp. 833-858.
Tripathy, M., Sadhu, P., and Panda, S. 2016. A critical review on building integrated photovoltaic products and their applications. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 61, 451-465.
Zomer, C., Custodio, I., Antoniolli, A. and Ruther, R. 2020. Performance assessment of partially shaded building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) systems in a positive-energy solar energy laboratory building: Architecture perspectives. Solar Energy, 211, pp. 879-896.
Hoang Bao Huy, T., Truong Dinh, H. and Kim, D. 2023. Multi-objective framework for a home energy management system with the integration of solar energy and an electric vehicle using an augmented ε-constraint method and lexicographic optimization. Sustainable Cities and Society, Vol. 88, pp. 569-582.
Gosh, A. 2020. Potential of building integrated and attached/applied photovoltaic (BIPV/BAPV) for adaptive less energy-hungry building’s skin: A comprehensive review. Journal of Cleaner Production, Vol. 276, pp. 1262-1273.
Kumar, N.M., Sudhakar, K., Samykano, M. and Sukumaran, S. 2018. Dust cleaning robots (DCR) for BIPV and BAPV solar power plants-A conceptual framework and research challenges, Procedia Computer Science, Vol. 133, pp. 746-754.
Nallapaneni K., Manoj, K., Sudhakar, K. and Samykano, M. 2019. Performance comparison of BAPV and BIPV systems with c-Si, CIS and CdTe photovoltaic technologies under tropical weather conditions. Case Studies in Thermal Engineering, Vol 13, pp. 100374.
Kladen, N., Weisse, D., Robler, T., Holger Neuhaus, D. and Kraft, A. 2021. Performance of shingled solar modules under partial shading, Photovoltaics Wiley, pp. 325-338.
AmoAwuku, S., Bennadji and Muhammad-Sukki, F. 2021. Myth or gold? The power of aesthetics in the adoption of building integrated photovoltaics (BIPVs). Energy Nexus, Vol. 4, 100021.
Gupta, D.K., Langelaar, M., Barink, M. and Keulen, F. 2016. Optimizing front metallization patterns: Efficiency with aesthetics in free-form solar cells, Renewable Energy. Vol 86, pp. 1332-1339.
Behera, D.D., Das, S.S., Mishra, S.P., Mohanty, R.C., Mohanty, A.M. and Nayak, B.B. 2022. Simulation of solar operated grass cutting machine using PVSYST software, Materialstoday. Vol.62, pp. 3044-3050.
