ارزیابی و تحلیل عوامل مؤثر بر ارتقاء عملکرد فعالیتی پارک‌های شهری )نمونه موردی پارک خانواده شهر مهاباد)
محورهای موضوعی :
معماری و شهرسازی
سیامند معروفی
1
,
قادر بایزیدی
2
1 - دکتری معماری، گروه معماری، واحد سنندج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، سنندج، ایران.
2 - استادیار معماری، گروه معماری، واحد سنندج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، سنندج، ایران. (نویسنده مسئول) .
تاریخ دریافت : 1400/03/28
تاریخ پذیرش : 1400/03/28
تاریخ انتشار : 1400/03/28
کلید واژه:
فعالیت,
فضاهای عمومی,
پارک خانواده,
مؤلفه‌های فعالیتی,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: نوع فعالیت‌ها و رویدادهای اجتماعی و توان مکان در جذب افراد و گروه‌های مختلف، مهم‌ترین عامل در پویایی فضاهای شهری است. پارک خانواده جدیدالاحداث شهر مهاباد، علاوه بر هزینه‌بر بودن احداث آن و داشتن موقعیت و پتانسیل مناسب، به‌صورت مطلوب نتوانسته است که موجبات جذب و حضور شهروندان را به فضا فراهم نماید. لذا هدف پژوهش حاضر این است که ضمن ارزیابی فضای موردمطالعه ازلحاظ جنبه‌های فعالیتی، به تبیین مهم‌ترین مؤلفه‌های اثرگذار بر ارتقاء وضعیت فعالیتی در فضای موردمطالعه بپردازد.روش بررسی: پژوهش حاضر به روش توصیفی- تحلیلی انجام‌گرفته است. ابزار گردآوری اطلاعات در پژوهش حاضر اسنادی و میدانی است. با استفاده از توزیع پرسشنامه و تصویربرداری، ارزیابی فضا و شناسایی عوامل اثرگذار بر ارتقاء جنبه‌های فعالیتی فضا سنجش شده‌اند. همچنین از نرم افزار SPSS جهت انجام آزمون های آلفای کرونباخ، KMO ، بارتلت، T.test و رگرسیون خطی چندگانه بهره گرفته‌شده است.یافته‌ها: مقدار آزمون های آلفای کرونباخ و KMO ، بالای 7/0 و همچنین سطح معنی‌داری آزمون بارتلت نیز کمتر از 05/0 به دست آمد که نشان از پایایی و روایی درونی و ساختاری پرسشنامه توزیع‌شده دارد. همچنین نتایج آزمون t.test شأن داد که فضای شهری موردمطالعه ازنظر کاربران فضا در کلیه مؤلفه‌های فعالیتی در سطح ضعیف ارزیابی‌شده است. نتایج آزمون رگرسیون خطی چندگانه، مشخص ساخت که وجود فعالیت‌های متنوع برای گروه‌های مختلف با میزان اثر 274/0 و دسترس‌پذیر بودن کاربری‌ها و فعالیت‌های اوقات فراغت، با میزان اثر 248/0 مهم‌ترین و اثرگذارترین مؤلفه‌های مرتبط با ارتقاء وضعیت فعالیتی فضای موردمطالعه می‌باشند.نتیجه‌گیری: ایجاد فضاهای شهری همچون پارک خانواده شهر مهاباد، بدون توجه به جنبه‌های فعالیتی، به‌ویژه مبتنی بر خواست گروه‌های مختلف کاربران فضا، صرفاً در حد یک کاربری باقی‌مانده و جذابیت و کارآیی لازم برای حضور شهروندان را نداشته، لذا پویایی و عملکرد فعالیتی مطلوب تحقق نخواهد یافت. پژوهش حاضر به‌منظور ساماندهی فضا، نقاط ضعف و همچنین مهم‌ترین عوامل اثرگذار بر ارتقاء فعالیتی پارک‌های شهری را شناسایی نموده است.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Background and Purpose: The type of activities and social events and the potency of places in attracting individuals and groups is the most important factor in the mobility of urban spaces. The new park family in Mahabad called (family park), in addition to bing expensive construction and having a suitable location and potential, has not been able to adequately provide the attraction and presence of citizens to space. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the study space in terms of activity and explains the most important components of Godard's effect on improving the status of the activities in the studied space. Methods: The present research is descriptive-analytic. The method of data collection in this research is documentary and field study. Using the distribution of questionnaires and imaging, space assessment and identification of factors influencing the upgrading of the space activities, have been measured. Also SPSS software has been used for Cronbach's Alpha, KMO, Bartlett, T test and multiple linear regressions analysis. Results: The amount of Cronbach's Alpha and KMO tests are higher than 0.7, as well as the significance level of Bartlett's test, was less than 0.05, indicating the reliability and internal and structural validity of the distributed questionnaire. Also, the results of T test exam showed that the urban space studied in terms of space users in all of the activity components has been evaluated at a level below the average (weak). The results of multiple linear regression tests revealed that existence of various and different activities for different groups with an effect level of 0.274 and availability of leisure activities and activities with the effect of 0.248 and the most important and most relevant component for enhancing the activity status are the studied space. Conclusion: Establishing urban spaces such as family Park in Mahabad city, without any attention to the activity aspects, especially based on the wishes of different groups of users of space only as a debris usage and lacking in charm and efficiency for the citizens. Therefore, the present study has been able to identify the weaknesses in order to organize space, as well as the most important factors affecting the activity enhancement of space.
منابع و مأخذ:
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Car, S. et al. (1992). Public Space. Massachusetts: Cambrige university pres
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Barzegar Befrooyi, A., 2011, Improving the quality of urban parks with an emphasis on the social component and Activity (Case study: the Nahj-ol-Balagheh b0ostan), Master's thesis of Urban Planning-Urban Design, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch (in Persian)
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Haji Ahmadi Hamedani, A., Majidi, H., Jahanshahloo, L., 2015. Investigating the measuring criteria on increasing the activity of women in Urban Spaces (Case Study: Punak Neighborhood), Tehran, Journal of Urban Studies, No. 14, pp 47-60 (in Persian)
Rafiean, M., Khadayi, Z., 2009. Investigating the affecting indicators and criteria on citizens Satisfaction from urban public spaces, Journal of Rahbord, No. 53, pp 227-248 (in Persian)
Shojaee, D., Pertovi, P., 2015. Analysis of Factors Affecting the Creation and Promotion of Sociability in Public Spaces in Different Scales of Tehran City (Case studies: Two Neighborhoods and an Area in District 7 Tehran), Journal of Bagh- e Nazar „No. 34, pp 93-108 (in Persian)
Ravanbakhsh, A. 2017. Analysis of the affecting factors on Sociability in Urban Parks (Case Study: Yasuj Beach Park), Master's Thesis for Urban Planning-Urban Planning, Islamic Azad University, Yasouj Branch, (in Persian)
Lange, J., 2007. Creation of Architecture Theory, The role of behavioral sciences in the environment, Alireza Einifar (translator), Tehran University Press
Rashidpour, N., Saeid Rezvani, N., 2015. Comparison of effective factors in the success of public spaces (parks & streets) in the minds and behavior of citizens in Ankara and Tehran, emphasizing the role of public space planning in these cities, Journal of Urban Studies, No. 14, pp 5-18 (in Persian)
Gehl, Y. 2008. Living in the Interiors Building, Shima Shastsi (translator), First Edition, Tehran: Jahad- e Daneshgahi Press
Pouya Shahr- va Bana Consulting Engineers., 2011. Master Plan of Mahabad City, Volume I and 2, Ministry of Roads and Urban Development (in Persian)
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Gehl, J. Lars, G. (2004). Public Spaces, Public Life. Melbourne: The Danish Architrctural Press.
Car, S. et al. (1992). Public Space. Massachusetts: Cambrige university pres
Daneshpoor, S., Charkhchian, M., 2007. Public spaces and effective features on public life. Journal of Bagh- e Nazar, No 7, pp 19-28 (in Persian)
Habibi, S., 2000. Urban Space: A Theory, Journal of Soffeh, No. 33. pp 8-24 (in Persian)
Barati, N., 2011. "Garden or Park; "Contradiction of Concepts in Two Different Languages". Journal of Manzar, No 16, pp 12-15 (in Persian)
Bahram Soltani, K., 1992. Total topics and methods of Urbanism- Environment, Publications of Center for studies and Research of Architectural and Urban planing. Tehran, Iran. (in Persian)
M. Hillsdon, J. Panter, C Foster, A. Jones, (2006), The relationship between access and quality of urban green space with population physical activity, Public Health, Volume 120, Issue 12, Pages 1127-1132
Lapintie, K. (2007). Modalities of Urban Space. Planning Theory, 6(1), 36-51.
Usama A. Nassar. (2015), URBAN SPACE DESIGN TO ENHANCE PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES AND MOTIVATE HEALTHY SOCIAL BEHAVIOR IN CAIRO, EGYPT, International Conference on Education and Social Sciences, 2-4 February 2015- Istanbul, Turkey.
Barzegar Befrooyi, A., 2011, Improving the quality of urban parks with an emphasis on the social component and Activity (Case study: the Nahj-ol-Balagheh b0ostan), Master's thesis of Urban Planning-Urban Design, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch (in Persian)
Baghbah, K., Pour Jafar, M., Ranjbar, E., 2014. An Analysis and Evaluation of Sitting Activity in Urban Spaces (Case Study: Tehran Theater Square), Journal of Architecture and Urban Planning, No. 13, pp 113-131 (in Persian)
Haji Ahmadi Hamedani, A., Majidi, H., Jahanshahloo, L., 2015. Investigating the measuring criteria on increasing the activity of women in Urban Spaces (Case Study: Punak Neighborhood), Tehran, Journal of Urban Studies, No. 14, pp 47-60 (in Persian)
Rafiean, M., Khadayi, Z., 2009. Investigating the affecting indicators and criteria on citizens Satisfaction from urban public spaces, Journal of Rahbord, No. 53, pp 227-248 (in Persian)
Shojaee, D., Pertovi, P., 2015. Analysis of Factors Affecting the Creation and Promotion of Sociability in Public Spaces in Different Scales of Tehran City (Case studies: Two Neighborhoods and an Area in District 7 Tehran), Journal of Bagh- e Nazar „No. 34, pp 93-108 (in Persian)
Ravanbakhsh, A. 2017. Analysis of the affecting factors on Sociability in Urban Parks (Case Study: Yasuj Beach Park), Master's Thesis for Urban Planning-Urban Planning, Islamic Azad University, Yasouj Branch, (in Persian)
Lange, J., 2007. Creation of Architecture Theory, The role of behavioral sciences in the environment, Alireza Einifar (translator), Tehran University Press
Rashidpour, N., Saeid Rezvani, N., 2015. Comparison of effective factors in the success of public spaces (parks & streets) in the minds and behavior of citizens in Ankara and Tehran, emphasizing the role of public space planning in these cities, Journal of Urban Studies, No. 14, pp 5-18 (in Persian)
Gehl, Y. 2008. Living in the Interiors Building, Shima Shastsi (translator), First Edition, Tehran: Jahad- e Daneshgahi Press
Pouya Shahr- va Bana Consulting Engineers., 2011. Master Plan of Mahabad City, Volume I and 2, Ministry of Roads and Urban Development (in Persian)
