تحلیل تطبیقی باغ‌های شفابخش با باغ های ایرانی
محورهای موضوعی :
معماری و شهرسازی
سید ابوالفضل هاشمین
1
*
,
محمدرضا بمانیان
2
1 - دانشجوی دکتری معماری، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
2 - استاد دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.
تاریخ دریافت : 1396/01/10
تاریخ پذیرش : 1396/02/26
تاریخ انتشار : 1401/01/01
کلید واژه:
باغ ایرانی,
طبیعت درمانی,
شاخص‌های باغ شفابخش,
باغ شفابخش,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: با توجه به اینکه اکثر مطالعات انجام‌شده در حوزه باغ های شفابخش در منابع غربی است، به‌منظور ارائه راهکار عملی همسو با ارزش‌های فرهنگی- بومی ایرانیان، بررسی میزان تطابق الگوی منظر باغ ایرانی و باغ های شفابخش، از ضرورت ویژه ای برخوردار است. پژوهشگران در زمینه شفابخشی محیط های طبیعی و باغ های شفابخش پژوهش های زیادی انجام داده اند. اما کمتر مشاهده شده است که از روش مطالعه تطبیقی برای تحلیل باغ های شفابخش در باغ ایرانی استفاده‌شده باشد.روش بررسی: این نوشتار مطالعه تطبیقی را برای تحلیل میزان تطابق الگوی منظر باغ ایرانی و باغ های شفابخش به کار بسته است. پژوهش حاضر بر آن است تا "چگونگی و میزان تطابق شاخص‌های باغ های شفابخش با باغ ایرانی" را مورد تحلیل قرار دهد. بدین‌جهت ، ابتدا محتوای کیفی مناظر شفابخش توصیف و اصول و شاخص‌های آن موردبررسی، تجزیه‌وتحلیل قرار گرفت. سپس مؤلفه‌ها و شاخصه‌های حاصل از این مطالعات، به‌صورت پرسشنامه تدوین شد. پرسشنامه در اختیار متخصصان منظر قرار گرفت. با استفاده از نرم‌افزار Spss 16.0 پرسشنامه‌ها تحلیل شد تا میزان تطابق این شاخص ها در باغ ایرانی ارزیابی شود.یافته ها: از بررسی ها و ارزیابی های انجام‌شده، مشخص شد؛ بیشترین درصد انطباق باغ ایرانی با شاخص‌های یک باغ شفابخش مربوط به شاخص تحریک حسی و امکان دسترسی به طبیعت و تعامل با آن است.بحث و نتیجه گیری: لازم است طراحان برای افزایش اثربخشی و کارایی باغ ایرانی با کارکرد شفابخشی، راهکارهایی نوآورانه در جهت بهبود عرصه‌های خصوصی و نیز ایجاد تنوع فضایی بیشتر برای انتخاب، در اختیار کاربر قرار دهند.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Background and Objective: Given that most carried out studies on healing gardens are written in Non-native researches, it is required to investigate the pattern compatibility level of Iranian garden landscape and healing gardens to propose a practical strategy in line with Iranians local-cultural value. Scholars have carried out abundant researches on healing ability of natural environments as well as healing gardens. Yet, less observed that the comparative study method has been used for healing gardens analysis in Iranian garden.Material and Methodology: This written has used comparative study to analyze the compatibility level of Iranian garden landscape pattern with healing gardens. The present study intends to analyze the “quality and degree of healing gardens’ indicators in Iranian garden”. Therefore, at first step, the qualitative content of healing landscapes was described, and its relevant basics no less than indexes were analyzed. Next, the parameters and indicators stemmed from these studies were compiled as a query and submitted to the practitioners subsequently. Those were analyzed by Spss 16.0 software to estimate the level of indicators’ compatibility in Iranian garden.Findings: It was found out from the implemented analyses and estimations that the most percentage of Iranian garden compatibility with a healing garden indicators is for sensory stimulation indicator and accessibility to and interaction with nature.Discussion and Conclusion: Its necessary for designers to improve private areas and make space diversity for users with utilization of innovative ways to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of Persian garden with healing function.
منابع و مأخذ:
Abdollahi, R., Aminzadeh, B., Shahcheragh, A., et al. 2015. Developing the components of the healing garden design in Iran and application in the designe of urban open space. Journal of Urban Management 39: 317- 345. (In Persian)
Yang, Y . A Healing Garden for Adults with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Master Thesis of Science in Landscape Architecture, Washington State University, Washington.
Marcus, C.C.1995. & M. Barnes. Gardens in Health Care Facilities: Uses, Therapeutic Benefits ,and Design Considerations : Martinez, CA: The Center of Health Design.
Gharipour, M. 2004. Healing Gardens: An Examination of the Relationship between Healing and the Natural Environment. Environmental Sciences, 1(4). ( In Persian)
Nikbakht, A. 2005. Medicine in Landscape Architecture: Healing Gardens. The Monthly Scientific Journal of Bagh- E Nazar 1(2): 79-82. (In Persian)
Aminzadeh, B. 2006. Urban landscapes, healing and landscape thrapy with nature.The third national conference of green space and urban landscape, Kish, Iran. (In Persian)
Hashemin, S., Kazemi, A., & Bemanian, M. 2020. Examining the Influence of Healing Garden on Mental Health of the Patients by Emphasizing Stress Reduction. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 21(12), 263-276. doi:10.22034/jest.2020.27268.3636 (In Persian)
Mikaeili, A., Sahraei nejad, N. 2009. Peace village, Compilation of criteria and design – case study: Chitgar Park in Tehran. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 15, 605-615. (In Persian)
Nili, R., Nili, R., & Aminzadeh, B. 2014. The Healing Potential of Garden Landscapes at Qajar Era’s. Armanshahr Architecture & Urban Development, 6(11), 167-180. (In Persian)
Nili, R., Nili, R., & Soltanzadeh, H. 2013. Studying the Application of Healing Landscapes in Persian Gardens. The Monthly Scientific Journal of Bagh-e Nazar, 9(23), 65-74. (in Persian)
Mardomi, K., Mirhashemin, S., Hasanpour, K. 2015. Persian Garden as Healing Garden An Approach with Islamic Influences. Journal of Researches in Islamic Architecture (Jria), 2 (4) ,49-63. (In Persian)
Hashemin S A., Zarkesh, A., Higueras Garcia, E., Suzanchi, K. 2022. Effect of tree planting design on human thermal comfort at microclimate scale; Case study: Faculty of Art and Architecture, Tarbiat Modares University. Naqshejahan; 12 (2) :138-158. (In Persian)
Saeidian, N., Memarzia, K., Kazem, S. M H. et al . 2016. Comparative Study of Persian Garden Land-scape Pattern Versus Four Kinds of Therapeutic Gardens. Journal of Urban Landscape Research.2(4): 81-92.
zojaji, N., nikbakht, A., & kafi, M. 2016. Design Principles of Clinical Sites with Emphasis on Components of Healing gardens, Horticultural Therapy Spaces and The Persian Garden. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 18(winter), 303-317.
Akbarzadeh, M., & Adibi, A. A. 2014. Health Landscape. MANZAR, the Scientific Journal of landscape, 5(24), 18-21. (In Persian)
Marcus, C.C., Bannes, M. 1999. Healing Gardens: Therapeutic Benefits and Design Recommendations. New Jersey: John wiley & Sons.
Marcus, C.C .(2005). Healing gardens in hospitals: University of California, Berkeley
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Abdollahi, R., Aminzadeh, B., Shahcheragh, A., et al. 2015. Developing the components of the healing garden design in Iran and application in the designe of urban open space. Journal of Urban Management 39: 317- 345. (In Persian)
Yang, Y . A Healing Garden for Adults with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Master Thesis of Science in Landscape Architecture, Washington State University, Washington.
Marcus, C.C.1995. & M. Barnes. Gardens in Health Care Facilities: Uses, Therapeutic Benefits ,and Design Considerations : Martinez, CA: The Center of Health Design.
Gharipour, M. 2004. Healing Gardens: An Examination of the Relationship between Healing and the Natural Environment. Environmental Sciences, 1(4). ( In Persian)
Nikbakht, A. 2005. Medicine in Landscape Architecture: Healing Gardens. The Monthly Scientific Journal of Bagh- E Nazar 1(2): 79-82. (In Persian)
Aminzadeh, B. 2006. Urban landscapes, healing and landscape thrapy with nature.The third national conference of green space and urban landscape, Kish, Iran. (In Persian)
Hashemin, S., Kazemi, A., & Bemanian, M. 2020. Examining the Influence of Healing Garden on Mental Health of the Patients by Emphasizing Stress Reduction. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 21(12), 263-276. doi:10.22034/jest.2020.27268.3636 (In Persian)
Mikaeili, A., Sahraei nejad, N. 2009. Peace village, Compilation of criteria and design – case study: Chitgar Park in Tehran. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 15, 605-615. (In Persian)
Nili, R., Nili, R., & Aminzadeh, B. 2014. The Healing Potential of Garden Landscapes at Qajar Era’s. Armanshahr Architecture & Urban Development, 6(11), 167-180. (In Persian)
Nili, R., Nili, R., & Soltanzadeh, H. 2013. Studying the Application of Healing Landscapes in Persian Gardens. The Monthly Scientific Journal of Bagh-e Nazar, 9(23), 65-74. (in Persian)
Mardomi, K., Mirhashemin, S., Hasanpour, K. 2015. Persian Garden as Healing Garden An Approach with Islamic Influences. Journal of Researches in Islamic Architecture (Jria), 2 (4) ,49-63. (In Persian)
Hashemin S A., Zarkesh, A., Higueras Garcia, E., Suzanchi, K. 2022. Effect of tree planting design on human thermal comfort at microclimate scale; Case study: Faculty of Art and Architecture, Tarbiat Modares University. Naqshejahan; 12 (2) :138-158. (In Persian)
Saeidian, N., Memarzia, K., Kazem, S. M H. et al . 2016. Comparative Study of Persian Garden Land-scape Pattern Versus Four Kinds of Therapeutic Gardens. Journal of Urban Landscape Research.2(4): 81-92.
zojaji, N., nikbakht, A., & kafi, M. 2016. Design Principles of Clinical Sites with Emphasis on Components of Healing gardens, Horticultural Therapy Spaces and The Persian Garden. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 18(winter), 303-317.
Akbarzadeh, M., & Adibi, A. A. 2014. Health Landscape. MANZAR, the Scientific Journal of landscape, 5(24), 18-21. (In Persian)
Marcus, C.C., Bannes, M. 1999. Healing Gardens: Therapeutic Benefits and Design Recommendations. New Jersey: John wiley & Sons.
Marcus, C.C .(2005). Healing gardens in hospitals: University of California, Berkeley
