بررسی مهارت، رفتار و آگاهی محیط زیستی دانشآموزان دوره ابتدایی(مطالعه موردی شهر اندیکا)
محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت ، برنامه ریزی و آموزش محیط زیستسیده صدیقه صالحی 1 , فروزان فرخیان 2
1 - گروه مدیریت محیط زیست، پردیس علوم و تحقیقات خوزستان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران.
2 - گروه محیط زیست، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
کلید واژه: آگاهی, دانش آموزان, محیط زیست, رفتار, مهارت,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: بسیاری از چالش های محیط زیستی ملت ها در قرن بیست و یکم معلول رفتار نامناسب انسان با محیط زیست است. ارتقای مهارت های محیط زیستی دانش آموزان به عنوان تصمیم سازان آینده و افزایش توانایی ها و رفتار مناسب با محیط پیرامون، نیاز به دانش و آگاهی همسو با آن دارد. لذا این پژوهش با هدف شناسایی میزان مهارت، رفتار و آگاهی محیط زیستی دانش آموزان دوره ابتدایی انجام گرفته است. روش بررسی: روش بررسی توصیفی و نوع پیمایشی است و جامعه آماری پژوهش را دانش آموزان دوره ابتدایی شهر اندیکا در سال 1396 تشکیل دادند. از بین آنان نمونه ای به حجم 245 نفر با استفاده از روش نمونه گیری تصادفی خوشه ای انتخاب و اطلاعات مورد نیاز با پرسش نامه محقق ساخت گردآوری شد. روایی ظاهری پرسش نامه به وسیله پانل متخصصان و پایایی آن با محاسبه ضریب آلفای کرونباخ (برای متغیرهای مهارت، رفتار و آگاهی محیط زیستی به ترتیب 79/0، 70/0، 84/0) تأیید شد. یافته ها:یافته های پژوهش نشان داد که 5/73% دانش آموزان مهارت محیط زیستی خوبی دارند. 67% رفتارهای کاملا موافق محیط زیستی و 20% رفتار موافق دارند. همچنین 72% از دانش آموزان نسبت به مسائل محیط زیستی آگاهی زیاد و 26% آگاهی کمی دارند. با توجه به میانگین مهارت، رفتار و آگاهی محیط زیستی دانش آموزان، دختران بیش از پسران دارای مهارت، رفتار و آگاهی بوده و از نظر وضعیت اشتغال پدر و مادر دانش آموزان، بیشترین آگاهی و انجام رفتار محیط زیستی از آن دانش آموزانی بود که شغل پدر آنها کشاورزی بود و بیشترین مهارت مربوط به دانش آموزانی بود که شغل پدر آنها کارمند بود. نتیجه تحلیل همبستگی نشان داد بین مهارت، رفتار و آگاهی محیط زیستی با پایه تحصیلی دانش آموزان رابطه مثبت و معنی داری وجود دارد. نتیجه گیری: جنس، شغل پدر و مادر و پایه تحصیلی در میزان مها رت، رفتار و آگاهی محیط زیستی دانش آموزان مؤثر بوده است. برای بهبود رفتارهای حامی محیط زیست لازم است منابع آگاهی بخش تقویت شوند تا آمادگی و گرایش به اقدام عملی در راستای حفظ محیط زیست در قالب مهارت های محیط زیستی نهادینه شود.
Background and Objective: Many of the environmental challenges of nations are due to inappropriate environmental behavior in the 21st century. Improving students' environmental skills as future decision makers and increasing their abilities and appropriate behavior with the environment, requires knowledge and awareness associated with it, so this study aims to identify the level of environmental behavior, awareness and skills of primary school students. Method: The study method is descriptive and survey type and its statistical population consisted of elementary school students in Indika in 2017. Among them, a sample of 245 people was selected using cluster random sampling method and the required information was collected by a researcher-made questionnaire. The apparent validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by a panel of experts and its reliability was confirmed by calculating the Cronbach's alpha coefficient (for the variables of environmental skill, behavior and awareness, respectively 0.79, 0.70, 0.84). Findings: Findings showed that 73.5% of students have good environmental skills. 67% of students show strongly agree statement related to environment while 20% of them are agreed. Also, 72% of students are fully aware of environmental issues while 26% of them have a little aware. The results of correlation analysis revealed average of environmental behavior, awareness and skill of female students were more than male students and in terms of employment status of parents of students, the most awareness and environmental behavior belongs to those students whose father's job were farmers, and most of the skills were related to students whose father's job was an employee. The results of correlation analysis showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between environmental skills, behavior and awareness with the students' academic base. Discussion and Conclusion: Gender, parents' occupation and educational level have been effective in students' environmental skill, behavior and awareness. To improve pro-environmental behaviors, it is necessary to strengthen awareness resources to institutionalize the readiness and inclination to take practical action to protect the environment in the form of environmental skills.
- Makhdoum, M.F, .2014. Fundamental of land use planning. University of Tehran press. (In Persian)
- Taei, H, 2011. Evaluation the observance of environmental components when providing educational toys for children frompoint of view of parents and teachers, thesis of Payame Noor University.(In Persian)
- Andersson, H., Tago, D., and Treich. N. 2014. Pesticides and Health: a Review of Evidence on Health Effects, valuation of Risks, and Benefit-Cost Analysis. Preference Measurement in Health, 1-61.
- Burton, R, J., 2014. The Influence of Farmer Demographic Characteristics on Environmentl Behavior: a Review. Journal of Environmental Management, 135, 19-26.
- Khaje Shhkouhi, A.R., Najafikani, A.A., Vesal, Z. 2015. Factors Affecting Environmental Awareness of Rural people (Case Study: Jaghargh Dehestan in Binalud Country). Journal of Reseach and Planning, 4 (1), 85-95.(In Persian)
- Salehi, S., Imam Gholi, L. 2012. The Impact of Social Capital on Environmental Behavior (Case Study of Kurdistan Province). Journal of Sociology of Iran. 13(4), 90-115. (In Persian)
- Thompson, S. C. and Barton, M. A., 1994. Ecocentric and Anthropocentric Attitudes. Journal of Environmental Psychology. 14: 149-157.
- Taei, H. 2011. Evaluting the Observance of Environmental Components when Providing Educational Toys for Children Frompoint of View of Parents and Teachers. Thesis of Payamenoor University. (In Persian)
- Andersson, H., Tago, D., and Trich, N. 2014. Pesticides and Health: A Review of Evidence on Health Effects, Valuation of Risks, and Benefit-Cost Analysis. Preference Measurement in Health, 1-61.
- Altin A., Selcen T., Lokman T., Süreyya A., Bekir F. K., (2014) Environmental Awareness Level of Secondary School Students: A Case Study In Balıkesir (Türkiye), Social And Behavioral Sciences, Volume 141, Pages 1208-1214
- Elif Alaydin, Gulcin Demirel, Sureyya Altin, Ahmet Altin (2014). Environmental Knowledge of Primary School Students: Zonguldak (Turkey) Example, Social And Behavioral Sciences, Volume 141, 1150-1155
- Emily L., Qingmin S., (2014) Exploring Individual and School Related Factors and Environmental Literacy: Comparing U.S. and Canada Using Pisa 2006, International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, Volume 12, Issue 1, PP: 73-97.
- Altuntaş, E. Ç., and Turan, S. L., (2018) Awareness of Secondary School Students about Renewable Energy Sources. Renewable Energy, Volume 116, Part A, 741-748.
- Aghili, S.M., Khoshfar, Gh. Salehi, S., 2009. Social Capital and Responsible Environmental Behaviors in Nothern Iran (Case Study of Gilan, Mazanaran and Golestan Provinces). Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources. PP. 236-250.(In Persian)
- Kairser, F. Wolfing, S. and Fuhrer, U., 1999. Environmental Attitude and Ecological. Journal of Environmental Psycholigy, 19(1), 1-19.
- Brown, L. R. 2008. Resuing Aplanet Under Stress and Acivilization in Trouble (Translated by Hamid Taravati). Tehran Iranian Student Book Agency.
- Karimi, D. 2003. Evaluating the Environmental Education Needs of Students, Teachers and Housewives in the White Soil Area of Tehran. Journal of Environment. No. 4, PP. 16-17. (In Persian)
- Mirdamadi, M., Bagheri Varkaneh, A., Esmaeili, S. 2010. Knowledge of High School Students in Tehran from Environmental Protection. Journal of Environment Science and Technology. 12(1). PP. 201-216. (In Persian)
- Nasrazadani, A.2011. The Impact of Age, Gender, and Educational Resouces on the Recognation of Childeren from the Environment. 5th National Conference on Global Environment Day. (In Persian)
- Salehi, S. Ghaemiasl, Z. 2013. The Relationship between Environmental Education and Environmental Protection Behaviors (Case Study: Highschool Girls in Babol City). Journal of Environmental Education and Sustanabele Development. 1(13). PP. 67-79. (In Persian)
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- Makhdoum, M.F, .2014. Fundamental of land use planning. University of Tehran press. (In Persian)
- Taei, H, 2011. Evaluation the observance of environmental components when providing educational toys for children frompoint of view of parents and teachers, thesis of Payame Noor University.(In Persian)
- Andersson, H., Tago, D., and Treich. N. 2014. Pesticides and Health: a Review of Evidence on Health Effects, valuation of Risks, and Benefit-Cost Analysis. Preference Measurement in Health, 1-61.
- Burton, R, J., 2014. The Influence of Farmer Demographic Characteristics on Environmentl Behavior: a Review. Journal of Environmental Management, 135, 19-26.
- Khaje Shhkouhi, A.R., Najafikani, A.A., Vesal, Z. 2015. Factors Affecting Environmental Awareness of Rural people (Case Study: Jaghargh Dehestan in Binalud Country). Journal of Reseach and Planning, 4 (1), 85-95.(In Persian)
- Salehi, S., Imam Gholi, L. 2012. The Impact of Social Capital on Environmental Behavior (Case Study of Kurdistan Province). Journal of Sociology of Iran. 13(4), 90-115. (In Persian)
- Thompson, S. C. and Barton, M. A., 1994. Ecocentric and Anthropocentric Attitudes. Journal of Environmental Psychology. 14: 149-157.
- Taei, H. 2011. Evaluting the Observance of Environmental Components when Providing Educational Toys for Children Frompoint of View of Parents and Teachers. Thesis of Payamenoor University. (In Persian)
- Andersson, H., Tago, D., and Trich, N. 2014. Pesticides and Health: A Review of Evidence on Health Effects, Valuation of Risks, and Benefit-Cost Analysis. Preference Measurement in Health, 1-61.
- Altin A., Selcen T., Lokman T., Süreyya A., Bekir F. K., (2014) Environmental Awareness Level of Secondary School Students: A Case Study In Balıkesir (Türkiye), Social And Behavioral Sciences, Volume 141, Pages 1208-1214
- Elif Alaydin, Gulcin Demirel, Sureyya Altin, Ahmet Altin (2014). Environmental Knowledge of Primary School Students: Zonguldak (Turkey) Example, Social And Behavioral Sciences, Volume 141, 1150-1155
- Emily L., Qingmin S., (2014) Exploring Individual and School Related Factors and Environmental Literacy: Comparing U.S. and Canada Using Pisa 2006, International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, Volume 12, Issue 1, PP: 73-97.
- Altuntaş, E. Ç., and Turan, S. L., (2018) Awareness of Secondary School Students about Renewable Energy Sources. Renewable Energy, Volume 116, Part A, 741-748.
- Aghili, S.M., Khoshfar, Gh. Salehi, S., 2009. Social Capital and Responsible Environmental Behaviors in Nothern Iran (Case Study of Gilan, Mazanaran and Golestan Provinces). Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources. PP. 236-250.(In Persian)
- Kairser, F. Wolfing, S. and Fuhrer, U., 1999. Environmental Attitude and Ecological. Journal of Environmental Psycholigy, 19(1), 1-19.
- Brown, L. R. 2008. Resuing Aplanet Under Stress and Acivilization in Trouble (Translated by Hamid Taravati). Tehran Iranian Student Book Agency.
- Karimi, D. 2003. Evaluating the Environmental Education Needs of Students, Teachers and Housewives in the White Soil Area of Tehran. Journal of Environment. No. 4, PP. 16-17. (In Persian)
- Mirdamadi, M., Bagheri Varkaneh, A., Esmaeili, S. 2010. Knowledge of High School Students in Tehran from Environmental Protection. Journal of Environment Science and Technology. 12(1). PP. 201-216. (In Persian)
- Nasrazadani, A.2011. The Impact of Age, Gender, and Educational Resouces on the Recognation of Childeren from the Environment. 5th National Conference on Global Environment Day. (In Persian)
- Salehi, S. Ghaemiasl, Z. 2013. The Relationship between Environmental Education and Environmental Protection Behaviors (Case Study: Highschool Girls in Babol City). Journal of Environmental Education and Sustanabele Development. 1(13). PP. 67-79. (In Persian)