ارزیابی عوامل موثر بر تمایل به پرداخت مصرف‌کنندگان شیراز به منظور بهره‌مندی از محصول گوجه فرنگی ارگانیک: کاربرد روش دو مرحله‌ای هکمن
محورهای موضوعی : اقتصاد محیط زیستنوید کارگر ده بیدی 1 , حبیب انصاری سامانی 2
1 - دانشجوی دکتری اقتصاد منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
2 - استادیار اقتصاد، دانشکده اقتصاد، مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران.
کلید واژه: تمایل به پرداخت, شیراز, ارگانیک, روش دو مرحله‌ای هکمن, گوجه فرنگی,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: اتکای بی‌رویه بر نهاده‌های خارجی نظیر کود و سموم شیمیایی و بهره‌برداری بی‌رویه از منابع آب و خاک تهدیدی جدی برای کیفیت محیط زیست به حساب می‌آید. در این راستا، علوم مختلف به دنبال روش‌های کشاورزی هستند که بتواند جایگزین مناسبی برای حفظ سلامت انسان و محیط‌زیست باشد. کشاورزی ارگانیک یک جایگزین مناسب بین نظام‌های متداول کشاورزی جهت صیانت از امنیت‌غذایی در سطح جهان به طور عام و بین کشورهای در حال توسعه به طور خاص مطرح است. در این مطالعه که به صورت موردی بر روی بازار محصول گوجه فرنگی ارگانیک انجام شده است، تعدادی پرسش‌نامه از ساکنان شهر شیراز به‌صورت نمونه‌گیری تصادفی در سال 1395 جمع‌آوری شد. روش بررسی: به منظور دست‌یابی به نتایج مورد نظر در این مطالعه از روش دو مرحله‌ای هکمن استفاده شده است. یافته ها: نتایج به دست آمده نشان می‌دهد که مصرف‌کنندگان طبقات مختلف تمایل به پرداختی، حدود 2/2442 ریال بیش‌تر از گوجه غیرارگانیک داشته‌اند. هر یک از متغیرهای جنسیت، سن، تحصیلات، فاصله از محل خرید و درآمد خانوار با محصولات ارگانیک بر میزان تمایل پرداخت افراد تأثیر معنی‌داری داشته‌اند، به‌گونه‌ای که غیر از متغیرهای جنسیت و فاصله از محل خرید که رابطه منفی با تمایل به پرداخت بیش‌تر برای محصولات ارگانیک دارد، سایر متغیرها با احتمال تمایل به پرداخت رابطه مثبت دارند. بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به نتایج این مطالعه پیشنهاد می‌شود که به منظور دسترسی بهتر افراد به این محصولات، با اتخاذ سیاست‌هایی شبکه‌های پخش و توزیع در مناطق مختلف شهری گسترش بیش‌تری پیدا کنند. هم‌چنین با توجه به اهمیت سلامتی افراد در تمامی سنین، لازم است که با اتخاذ سیاست‌های ترویجی و آموزشی، ذائقه افراد با سنین پایین‌تر را به سمت مصرف محصولات ارگانیک سوق داد.
Background and Objective: Excessive reliance on external inputs such as fertilizers and pesticides and the indiscriminate exploitation of soil and water resources is considered a serious threat to the quality of the environment. In this regard various sciences are looking farming methods that could be a good alternative to protect human health and the environment. Organic farming is a viable alternative between conventional agricultural systems to safeguard food security in the world in general and in developing countries is specifically mentioned. This study was conducted on the product market organic tomatoes, for this purpose some random questionnaire from the city of Shiraz was collected in 1395. Methods: In this study, Heckman two-stage method is used. Findings: The results show that consumers' willingness to pay around 2442/2 Rial had more than non-organic tomatoes. Variables of gender, age, education, household income and the distance from the place of purchase organic products have had a significant impact on people's willingness to pay. So that other than variables of gender and distance from place of purchase that is negatively correlated with willingness to pay more for organic products, other variables positively correlated with willingness to pay. Discussion and Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it is suggested that in order to better access people to these products, by adopting policies, distribution networks should be further expanded in different urban areas. Also, considering the importance of people's health at all ages, it is necessary to adopt promotional and educational policies to lead the tastes of younger people to consume organic products.
- Kavoshi, M., Shahbazi, H., Malekian, A. 2010. Estimation of Recreational Value of Recreations Using Two-Step Hackman Method, Case Study: Boostan Mohtasham, Rasht. Agricultural Economics Research, 1(1), pp. 137-139. (In Persian)
- Mafi. D., Kamari, A., Yarali, N. 2012. Economic Valuation of Natural Resorts Using Regional Cost Travel Method, Case Study: Dime Spring, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province. Human geography research, 75(43), pp. 1-16. (In Persian)
- Eftekhari, A., Sarban, V. 2007. The role of organic agriculture in food security. Journal of Jahad, 120, pp. 137-271. (In Persian)
- Anonymous. 1992. Organic Farming Research Foundation. Retieved from http://about OFRF. Html/.
- Willer, H., Yussefi, M. 2007. The World of Organic Agriculture; Statistics and Emerging Trend 2007. International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements (IFOAM), Bonn, Germany.
- Meier-ploeger, A. 2005. Organic Farming, Food Quality and Human Health. NJF Seminar Report. vol. 1, no.1.
- Saeidi, H., Moghadam, K., Ajili, A. 2011. Study of Knowledge Experts of Agricultural Jahad in Fars Province on Organic Farming. Extension Science and Agriculture education in Iran, 2(6), pp. 49-62. (In Persian)
- Rajabi, A., Shahbanali. H., Pooratashi, M. 2012. Investigating Components of Acceptance of Organic Agricultural Products from Consumer Perspective (Case Study of Karaj City). Journal of Food Science and Technology, 38(10), PP. 33-43. (In Persian)
- Farhoodi, R. 2001. Weed control method. Farmarea Journal, pp. 1- 72. (In Persian)
- Mahmoudi, H., Liaghati, H., Zohari, M. (2007, October). The role of organic agriculture in achieving the millennium development goals: Challenge and prospects in Iran. In Conference of Tropentag, pp. 9-11.
- Tabnak Fars. 2017. News Agency of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Economy, Shiraz. Retrieved January 22, 2017, from https: // fars.irib.ir/ (In Persian)
- Golchin, A., Aflaki A. 2004. Effects of salinity and sodium adsorption ratio of nutrient solution on tomato yield some quality parameters. The Ninth Congress of Soil Science, Tehran, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Center, http://www.civilica.com/Paper-SSCI09-SSCI09_011.html. (In Persian with English abstract)
- Batte, M.T., hooker, N.H., haab, T.C., beaverson, J. 2007. Putting Their Money Where Their Mouths Are: Consumer Willingness to Pay for Multi – Ingredient, Processed Organic Food Products. Food Policy, 32, pp.145-159.
- Vanloo, V., Caputo, M., Nayga, J.R., Meullent, C., Ricke, C. 2011. Consumers’ Willingness to Pay for Organic Chicken Breast: Evidence for Choice Experiment. Food Quality and Preference, 22, pp. 603-613.
- Caleman, S.M.Q., filho, L., de olivera, d. sproesser, R.L. 2005. Organic Beef in Brazil; Consumer Profile and Marketing Strategies.15th Annual Word Food and Agribusiness Forum, Symposium and Case Conference. Chicago, USA.
- Angulo, A. M., Gil, J. M., & Tamburo, L. (2005). Food safety and consumers' willingness to pay for labelled beef in Spain. Journal of Food Products Marketing, 11(3), pp. 89-105.
- Mafi, H., Saleh, A. 2010. Estimate of willingness to pay for organic products. Case study: Vegetable and cucumber products in Gilan and Tehran provinces. Seventh Biennial of Agricultural Economics, Karaj University of Agricultural Sciences, PP. 1-16.
- Yahghoobi, J., Naseri, A. 2011. Investigating the strategies for protecting organic farming workers in Iran, the first national conference on sustainable agriculture and the production of healthy crops, Isfahan. Agricultural Research Center and natural resources of Isfahan, PP. 1-4. (In Persian)
- Mahmoodi, H., Liaghati, V. 2008. Consumer Attitude to Organic Products, Second National Conference on Ecological Agriculture, Gorgan, Iran. University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources of Gorgan, pp. 1-6. (In Persian)
- Maddala, G.S. 2002. Introduction to Econometrics (3rd Edition). Chichester John Wieley.
- Amemyia, T. 1985. Advanced Econometrics, Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press.
- Heckman, J. 1977. Sample Selection Bias as Specification Error, Econometric, 97, pp. 153-161.
- Maddala, G.S., 1983. Limited-dependent and qualitative variables in econometrics (No. 3). Cambridge university press.
- Hoffmann, R., Kassouf, A.L., 2005. Deriving conditional and unconditional marginal effects in log earnings equations estimated by Heckman's procedure. Applied Economics, 37(11), pp.1303-1311.
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- Kavoshi, M., Shahbazi, H., Malekian, A. 2010. Estimation of Recreational Value of Recreations Using Two-Step Hackman Method, Case Study: Boostan Mohtasham, Rasht. Agricultural Economics Research, 1(1), pp. 137-139. (In Persian)
- Mafi. D., Kamari, A., Yarali, N. 2012. Economic Valuation of Natural Resorts Using Regional Cost Travel Method, Case Study: Dime Spring, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province. Human geography research, 75(43), pp. 1-16. (In Persian)
- Eftekhari, A., Sarban, V. 2007. The role of organic agriculture in food security. Journal of Jahad, 120, pp. 137-271. (In Persian)
- Anonymous. 1992. Organic Farming Research Foundation. Retieved from http://about OFRF. Html/.
- Willer, H., Yussefi, M. 2007. The World of Organic Agriculture; Statistics and Emerging Trend 2007. International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements (IFOAM), Bonn, Germany.
- Meier-ploeger, A. 2005. Organic Farming, Food Quality and Human Health. NJF Seminar Report. vol. 1, no.1.
- Saeidi, H., Moghadam, K., Ajili, A. 2011. Study of Knowledge Experts of Agricultural Jahad in Fars Province on Organic Farming. Extension Science and Agriculture education in Iran, 2(6), pp. 49-62. (In Persian)
- Rajabi, A., Shahbanali. H., Pooratashi, M. 2012. Investigating Components of Acceptance of Organic Agricultural Products from Consumer Perspective (Case Study of Karaj City). Journal of Food Science and Technology, 38(10), PP. 33-43. (In Persian)
- Farhoodi, R. 2001. Weed control method. Farmarea Journal, pp. 1- 72. (In Persian)
- Mahmoudi, H., Liaghati, H., Zohari, M. (2007, October). The role of organic agriculture in achieving the millennium development goals: Challenge and prospects in Iran. In Conference of Tropentag, pp. 9-11.
- Tabnak Fars. 2017. News Agency of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Economy, Shiraz. Retrieved January 22, 2017, from https: // fars.irib.ir/ (In Persian)
- Golchin, A., Aflaki A. 2004. Effects of salinity and sodium adsorption ratio of nutrient solution on tomato yield some quality parameters. The Ninth Congress of Soil Science, Tehran, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Center, http://www.civilica.com/Paper-SSCI09-SSCI09_011.html. (In Persian with English abstract)
- Batte, M.T., hooker, N.H., haab, T.C., beaverson, J. 2007. Putting Their Money Where Their Mouths Are: Consumer Willingness to Pay for Multi – Ingredient, Processed Organic Food Products. Food Policy, 32, pp.145-159.
- Vanloo, V., Caputo, M., Nayga, J.R., Meullent, C., Ricke, C. 2011. Consumers’ Willingness to Pay for Organic Chicken Breast: Evidence for Choice Experiment. Food Quality and Preference, 22, pp. 603-613.
- Caleman, S.M.Q., filho, L., de olivera, d. sproesser, R.L. 2005. Organic Beef in Brazil; Consumer Profile and Marketing Strategies.15th Annual Word Food and Agribusiness Forum, Symposium and Case Conference. Chicago, USA.
- Angulo, A. M., Gil, J. M., & Tamburo, L. (2005). Food safety and consumers' willingness to pay for labelled beef in Spain. Journal of Food Products Marketing, 11(3), pp. 89-105.
- Mafi, H., Saleh, A. 2010. Estimate of willingness to pay for organic products. Case study: Vegetable and cucumber products in Gilan and Tehran provinces. Seventh Biennial of Agricultural Economics, Karaj University of Agricultural Sciences, PP. 1-16.
- Yahghoobi, J., Naseri, A. 2011. Investigating the strategies for protecting organic farming workers in Iran, the first national conference on sustainable agriculture and the production of healthy crops, Isfahan. Agricultural Research Center and natural resources of Isfahan, PP. 1-4. (In Persian)
- Mahmoodi, H., Liaghati, V. 2008. Consumer Attitude to Organic Products, Second National Conference on Ecological Agriculture, Gorgan, Iran. University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources of Gorgan, pp. 1-6. (In Persian)
- Maddala, G.S. 2002. Introduction to Econometrics (3rd Edition). Chichester John Wieley.
- Amemyia, T. 1985. Advanced Econometrics, Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press.
- Heckman, J. 1977. Sample Selection Bias as Specification Error, Econometric, 97, pp. 153-161.
- Maddala, G.S., 1983. Limited-dependent and qualitative variables in econometrics (No. 3). Cambridge university press.
- Hoffmann, R., Kassouf, A.L., 2005. Deriving conditional and unconditional marginal effects in log earnings equations estimated by Heckman's procedure. Applied Economics, 37(11), pp.1303-1311.