Assess Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Phosphorous Biofertilizers (Azospirillum and Pseudomonas) on Barley Crop Production and Seed Protein Content

Subject Areas : Journal of Crop Nutrition Science

Tahereh Hasanabadi ¹ , Hamideh Khalaj ² , Mohammad Reza Ardakani ³ , Maryam Delfani ⁴

1 - Young Researchers and Elite Club, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran, Iran.
2 - Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
3 - Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran.
4 - Ph.D. Graduated, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran.

Received: 2019-10-05 Accepted : 2019-12-08 Published : 2019-12-30

Keywords: Nutrition, Urea, Yield</i>, <i>Cereal, Quantitative trait,

Abstract :

BACKGROUND: Azospirillum is effective in biostabilization of nitrogen and Pseudomonas is effective in dissolving soil phosphorus. OBJECTIVES: Current study was conducted to assess effect of different level of nitrogen and biofertilizer on seed yield, its components and protein content. METHODS: This research was carried out via spilt plot factorial experiment based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications along 2014-2015 year. The main factor included nitrogen (N0%=0 or control, N50%=75, N75%=112.5, N100%=150 kg.ha-1). The sub factor at first consisted Azospirillum (Azo0: non use of Azospirillum or control, Azo1: use of Azospirillum) and then Pseudomonas (Pse0: non use of Pseudomonas or control, Pse1: use of Pseudomonas). RESULT: The results showed that the application of nitrogen fertilizer had a significant effect on seed protein content, seed protein yield, plant height and seed yield at 1% probability level, also inoculation of Azospirillum increased the effect of nitrogen fertilizer on these traits. Mean comparison result of different level of Pseudomonas indicated that maximum seed yield (4800 kg.ha-1) was noted for Pse1 and minimum of that belonged to control treatment. So Pseudomonas inoculation increased seed yield by 8% compared to the control treatment (no bacterial inoculation). As for Duncan classification made with respect to interaction effect N × Azo the maximum and minimum amount of seed yield belonged to N100% and Azo1 (5710.9 kg.ha-1) and control (3981.3 kg.ha-1). Inoculation of the plant with Azospirillum increased the seed protein content by 14.8%. Also inoculation of Pseudomonas caused the highest amount of seed protein content of 13.56 (g.100 g-1). CONCLUSION: Inoculation of Pseudomonas fluorescence also had a significant effect on all the mentioned traits. Inoculation of Azospirillum and 75 kg N ha-1 significantly increased seed yield and the use of Azospirillum led to save 25% of the nitrogen fertilizer and can be advised to producers.

References:

Agni. E. 2012. Combined effect of biofertilizers (Azotobacter and Azospirillum) and different levels of urea fertilizer on the quality characteristics of sunflower under water stress. 1^st Cong. Sust. Agri. pp: 11-15.

Arruda, L., A. Beneduzi, A. Martins, B. Lisboa, C. Lopes, F. Bertolo, L. M. P. Passaglia Maria. and K. L. Vargas. 2013. Screening of Rhizobacteria isolated from maize (Zea mays L.) in Rio Grande do Sul State (South Brazil) and analysis of their potential to improve plant growth. Appl. Soil Ecol. 63: 15-22.

Askary, M., A. Mostajeran. and R. Amooaghaei. 2009. Influence of the co-inoculation Azospirillum brasilense and Rhizobium meliloti plus 24-D on grain yield and NPK content of Triticum aestivum (Cv Baccros and mahdavi). Am-Eur J. Agri. Environ. Sci. 5(3): 296-307.

Bashan, Y. and G. Holguin. 1997. Azospirillum plant relationships: environmental and physiological advances (1970-1996). Canadian Journal of Microbiology. 43: 103-121.

Egamberdiyeva, D. and G. Hoflich. 2003. Influence of growth-promoting bacteria on the growth of wheat in different soils and temperatures. Soil Biol. Biochem. 35: 973-978.

Ilyas, N. and A. Baho. 2010. Azospirillum strains isolated from roots and rhizosphere soil of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown under different soil moisture conditions. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 46: 393-406.

Jarak, M., N. Mrkovački, D. Bjelić, D. Jošić, T. Hajnal-Jafari. and D. Stamenov. 2012. Effects of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria on maize in greenhouse and field trial. Afr. J. Microbiol. Res. 6: 5683–5690.

Johnson, J. W. and R. E. Wilrinson. 1992. Wheat growth response of cultivars to H⁺ concentration. Plant and Soil. 146: 55-59.

Kalhapure, A. H., B. T. Shete. and M. B. Dhonde. 2013. Integrated nutrient management in maize (Zea Mays L.) for increasing production with sustainability. Intl. J. Agri. Food Sci. Tech. 3(4): 195-206.

MalekiNarg, M., M. Hamidreza Balouchi, H. Farajee. and A. Yadavi. 2013. The effect of Nitrogen and phosphorus chemical and biological fertilizer on grain yield and qualitative traits of Sweet corn. J. Agri. Sust. Prod. 2: 89-104 (Abstract in English).

Masoumi, A. 2011. Effect of vermicompost and urea fertilizer on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of two native cucurbits of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.). M.Sc. Thesis. Faculty of Agriculture. Department of Agriculture. Shahroud University. 129 pp (Abstract in English).

Mehrvarz, S., M. R. Chaichi. and H. A. Alikhani. 2008. Effects of phosphate solubilizing microorganisms and phosphorus chemical fertilize on yield and yield components of Barely(Hordeum vulgare L.). Am-Eur J. Agri. Environ. Sci. 3(6): 822-828.

Öztürk, A., O. Caˇglar. and F. Sahin. 2003. Yield response of wheat and barley to inoculation of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria at various levels of nitrogen fertilization. J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.166: 123-131.

Padilla, F. M., M. T. Peña-Fleitas, M. Gallardo. and R. B. Thompson. 2015. Threshold values of canopy reflectance indices and chlorophyll meter readings for optimal nitrogen nutrition of tomato. Annals Appl. Biol. 166(2): 271–285.

Raei Pour, L. and A. Asgharzad. 2007. Interaction of phosphate solubilizing bacteria and Radyhizobium Japanicum on growth indices, gland formation, and some nutrients uptake in soybean. J. Agri. Natural Res. Sci. Tech. 11(40): 53-64.

Salehi, A., F. Seifollah, R. Iranpour. and A. Souraki. 2014. The effect of fertilizer use in combination with cow manure on growth, yield and yield components of Black-caraway. J. Agroecol. 3(6): 495-507

Sharma, A. K. 2003. Biofertilizers for sustainable agriculture. P. 407. Agrobios (India).

Zahir, A. Z., M. Arshad. and W. F. Frankenberger. 2004. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria: Applications and perspectives in agriculture. J. Adv. Agron. 81: 97-168.

Zaidi, A., M. S. Khan, S. Saif, A. Rizvi, B. Ahmed. and M. Shahid. 2017. Role of nitrogen fixing plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in sustainable production of vegetables: Current perspective in microbial strategies for vegetable production. Springer Intl. Pub. pp: 49–79.