تاثیر آموزش زندگی خانوادگی بر مولفه‌های استرس والدگری مادران دارای کودک کم‌توان ذهنی در قلمرو والد
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه تعالی مشاوره و روان درمانیصوفیا حیدری کمرودی 1 , محسن مشکبید حقیقی 2 , علی اصغر شجاعی 3
1 - دانشجوی دکتری، دانشکده علوم انسانی، گروه روانشناسی، واحد بابل، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بابل، ایران
2 - استادیار، دانشکده علوم انسانی، گروه روانشناسی و مشاوره، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران.
3 - استادیار، دانشکده علوم انسانی،گروه علوم تربیتی، واحد بابل، دانشگاه ازاد اسلامی، بابل، ایران
کلید واژه: مادران, استرس والدگری, آموزش زندگی خانوادگی, کودکان کم‌توان ذهنی,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف: با توجه به اهمیت استرس‌های والدگری مادران دارای کودک کم‌توان ذهنی در سایر نقش‌های آنان، هدف این پژوهش تعیین تاثیر آموزش زندگی خانوادگی بر مولفه‌های استرس والدگری مادران دارای کودک کم‌توان ذهنی در قلمرو والد بود.روش: این پژوهش نیمه‌آزمایشی با طرح پیش‌آزمون و پس‌آزمون همراه با گروه کنترل بود. جامعه پژوهش مادران دارای کودک کم‌توان ذهنی شهر رشت در سال تحصیلی 97-1396 بودند. نمونه پژوهش 60 نفر بودند که با توجه به ملاک‌های ورود به مطالعه با روش نمونه‌گیری در دسترس انتخاب و به روش تصادفی در دو گروه مساوی جایگزین شدند. گروه آزمایش 12 جلسه 90 دقیقه‌ای تحت آموزش زندگی خانوادگی قرار گرفت و در این مدت گروه کنترل آموزشی ندید. برای گردآوری داده‌ها از فرم اطلاعات جمعیت‌شناختی محقق‌ساخته و شاخص استرس‌های والدگری (آبیدین، 1990) استفاده و با روش تحلیل کوواریانس چندمتغیری در نرم افزارSPSS-20 تحلیل شدند.یافته‌ها: یافته‌ها نشان داد که آموزش زندگی خانوادگی باعث کاهش مولفه‌های استرس والدگری شامل احساس صلاحیت، دلبستگی، محدودیت نقش، افسردگی، روابط با همسر، سلامت و انزوای اجتماعی در مادران دارای کودک کم‌توان ذهنی در قلمرو والد شد (05/0˂P).نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج نشان‌دهنده تاثیر آموزش زندگی خانوادگی بر کاهش مولفه‌های استرس والدگری بود. بنابراین، درمانگران و متخصصان سلامت می‌توانند از روش آموزش زندگی خانوادگی در کنار سایر روش‌های آموزشی برای بهبود ویژگی‌های خانوادگی استفاده نمایند.
Purpose: Considering the importance of parenting stress of mothers with mentally retarded children in their other roles, the aim of this study was determine the effect of family life education on parenting stress components of mothers with mentally retarded children in the parent domain.Methodology: This research was semi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The study population was mothers with mentally retarded children of Rasht city in the academic years 2017-2018. The research sample was 60 people who according to the inclusion criteria were selected by available sampling method and randomly replaced in two equal groups. The experimental group underwent of family life education for 12 sessions of 90 minutes and during this period the control group did not receive any education. To collect data were used from the researcher-made demographic information form and stresses of parenting index (Abidin, 1990) and analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance method in SPSS-20.Findings: The results showed that family life education led to reduce the components of parenting stress including feelings of competence, attachment, role restriction, and depression, relationships with spouse, health and social isolation in mothers with mentally retarded children in the parent domain (P˂0.05).Conclusion: The results showed the effect of family life education on reducing parenting stress components. Therefore, therapists and health professionals can use family life education method along with other educational methods to improve family characteristics.
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