Groundwater Uranium Contamination in Fazilka, Punjab: A Hydro Geochemical and Risk Perspective
Kawaljeet Kaur Bindra
1
(
Research Scholar, Department of Physics, GKU Talwandi Sabo
)
Genius Walia
2
(
Assistant Professor, Department of Physics
)
Rohit Mehra
3
(
Professor, Department of Physics
)
Keywords: Uranium concentration, Groundwater contamination, Radiological risk, Chemical risk,
Abstract :
Groundwater is a crucial source of freshwater for agricultural, industrial, and domestic use globally, with India heavily relying on it. In Punjab, an agrarian state, groundwater is vital for both irrigation and drinking, placing immense pressure on its reserves due to rapid population growth. This necessitates sustainable management to ensure long-term water security and public health. Recent studies have identified uranium contamination in groundwater, especially in the southwestern region of Punjab. This study systematically sampled groundwater from boreholes of varying depths in Fazilka District, Punjab, to assess uranium concentrations and their associated radiological risks. The evaluation focused on lifetime dose estimates and carcinogenic risks, including cancer mortality and morbidity. Furthermore, the study addressed the chemical toxicity of uranium, which poses potential health hazards. Findings indicate that groundwater from boreholes up to 100 feet deep is within safe limits for consumption, with no immediate radiological or chemical risks to residents.
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