Determination of Florfenicol Residues in the Muscle and Liver of Cultured Rainbow Trout in Iran by ELISA

Subject Areas : Journal of Chemical Health Risks

Firooz Fadaeifard ¹ , Ebrahim Rahimi ² , Mehdi Raissy ³ , Mostafa Faghani ⁴

1 - Department of Aquatic Animal Health and Disease, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
2 - Department of Food Hygiene, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
3 - Department of Aquatic Animal Health and Disease, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
4 - Department of Agriculture, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran

Received: 2015-09-15 Accepted : 2018-10-29 Published : 2015-09-15

Keywords: Rainbow trout, liver, Elisa, Muscle, Florfenicol,

Abstract :

Florfenicol is a broad-spectrum antibiotic, widely used in veterinary medicine. The aim of this study was to determine florfenicol residues in the muscle and liver of cultured rainbow trout in Iran by ELISA. The samples were collected from three areas (Kiar, Ardal, and Koohrang), considered as areas with high production of trout in the western part of Iran. Sampling was completed during the spring and summer of 2011. All of the samples were categorized into three weight groups (below 50g, 50 to150g and over 150g) and five individuals were randomly selected from fish belonged to each weigh group, and then collected samples sent for determination of antibiotic residues. The highest and the lowest antibiotic residues were 31.42±53.52 ng g-1 (>150 g fish) and 10.35±2.33 ng g-1 (<50 g fish) for liver samples and 48.84±50.36 ng g-1 (50-150 g fish) and 18.20±15.41 ng g-1 (> 150 g fish) for muscle samples, respectively. In different areas, the highest antibiotic levels were found in Koohrang and Ardal with mean of 37.00±63.61 and 15.33±10.45 ng g-1 for liver samples and 40.74±40.80 and 28.24±45.91ng g-1 for muscle samples. The results indicated that florfenicol residues are lower than the maximum permissible level has been announced by the European Union.

References:

1. Waltner-Toews D., McEwen S.A., 1994. Chemical residues in foods of animal origin: overview and risk assessment. Prev Vet Med. 20, 161ââ‚‌“178.
2. Syriopoulou V.P., Harding A.L., Goldmann D.A., Smith A.L., 1981. In vitro antibacterial activity of fluorinated analogs of chloramphenicol and thiamphenicol. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 19(2), 294ââ‚‌“7.
3. Sams R.A., 1994. Florfenicol: chemistry and metabolism of a novel broad-spectrum antibiotic. In: Proceedings of the XVIII World Buiatrics Congress. Bologna, Italy; p. 7-13.
4. Angelos J.A., Dueger E.L., George L.W., Carrier T.K., Mihalyi J.E., 2000. Cosgrove SB and Johnson JC Efficacy of florfenicol for treatment of naturally occuring IBK. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 216, 62-64.
5. Gaunt P.S., Endris R., McGinnis A., Baumgartner W., Camus A., Steadman J., Sweeney D., Sun F., 2010. Determination of florfenicol dose rate in feed for control of mortality in Nile tilapia infected with Streptococcus iniae. J Aquat Anim Health. 22(3), 158-66.
6. European Agency for the Evaluation of Medicinal Products2000. veterinary medicines and information technology. Florfenicol (extension to fish).summary report, MEA/MRL/670/00-final. (6).
7. Hormazabal V., Steffenak I., Yndestad M., 1993. Simultaneous determination of residues of florfenicol and the metabolite florfenicol amine in fish tissues by high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl .616, 161-165.
8. Luo P.J., Jiang W.X., Chen X., Shen J.Z, Wu Y.N., 2011. Development of an ELISA for the determination of florfenicol and thiamphenicol in swine feed. J Anim Sci. 89(11), 3612-6.
9. Iranian agriculture news agency(2012)Aquaculture and its role in the economic development of Iran. 2, 32-33.
10. Samuelsen O.B., Bergh O., Ervik A., 2003. Pharmacokinetics of florfenicol in cod Gadus morhua and in vitro antibacterial activity against Vibrio anguillarum. Dis Aquat Organ. 56, 127-133.
11. Cabello F.C., 2006. Heavy use of prophylactic antibiotics in aquaculture: a growing problem for human and animal health and for the environment. Environ Microbiol. 8, 1137-1144.
12. Wrzesinski C.L., Crouch L.S., Endris R., 2003. Determination of florfenicol amine in channel catfish muscle by liquid chromatography. J AOAC Int. 86(3), 515-520.
13. Wrzesinski C., Crouch L., Gaunt P., Holifield D., Bertrand N., Endris R., 2006. Florfenicol residue depletion in channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque). Aquaculture. 253, 309ââ‚‌“316.
14. Vue C., Schmidt L.J., Stehly G.R., Gingerich W.H., 2002. Liquid chromatographic de termination of florfenicol in plasma of multiple species of fish. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 780, 111-117.
15. Fadaeifard F., 2013. Study of enrofloxacine residues in muscle and liver of farmed rainbow trout in Chaharmahal va Bakhtiary province (Iran) by ELIZA method. J Food Hyg. 3(1), 53-63. (In Persian)
16. Mirzargar S.S., Soltani M., Rostami M., 2000. Assessment of residues of some antibiotics in experimental treatment of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) using microbiological and chromatography- bioautography. J Vet Res 55(1), 21-27. (In Persian).
17. Angulo F.J., Griffin P.M., 2000. Changes in antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella enteric serovar Typhimurium. Emerg Infect Dis. 6, 436ââ‚‌“438.
18. Angulo F.J., Nargund V.N., Chiller T.C., 2004. Evidence of an association between use of anti-microbial agents in food animals and anti-microbial resistance among bacteria isolated from humans and the human health consequences of such resistance. J Vet Med. 51, 374ââ‚‌“379.
19. Bolton L.F., Kelley L.C., Lee M.D., Fedorka-Cray P.J., Maurer J.J., 1999. Detection of multidrug-resistant Salmonella enteric serotype Typhimurium DT104 based on a gene, which confers cross-resistance to florfenicol and chloramphenicol. J Clin Microbiol. 37, 1348ââ‚‌“1351.