غربالگری و شناسایی ژنوتیپ‌های متحمل خشکی در توده‌های بومی گندم نان
محورهای موضوعی :
اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی
فاطمه نادری
1
,
فاطمه باوندپوری
2
,
عزت‌اله فرشادفر
3
,
محسن فرشادفر
4
1 - گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده علوم و مهندسی کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران
2 - گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده علوم و مهندسی کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران
3 - گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده علوم و مهندسی کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران
4 - دانشیار گروه کشاورزی دانشگاه پیام نور. ایران
تاریخ دریافت : 1398/08/06
تاریخ پذیرش : 1398/12/13
تاریخ انتشار : 1399/06/01
کلید واژه:
رتبه بندی,
گندم نان,
تنوع,
صفات بیوشیمیایی و فیزیولوژی,
چکیده مقاله :
غربال و شناسایی ژنوتیپ های متحمل خشکی گندم های بومی با اجرای پژوهشی در قالب طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در دو محیط تنش و بدون تنش با 25 ژنوتیپ گندم نان در سال زراعی 1396-1395 در پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه رازی کرمانشاه انجام شد. تجزیه واریانس و مقایسه میانگین های صفات مورفولوژی، فیزیولوژی و بیوشیمیایی نشان دادند که اثر ژنوتیپ برای بیشتر صفات معنی دار بود. با توجه به ضرایب همبستگی، بین عملکرد با وزن هزار دانه و عملکرد بیولوژیک در هر دو شرایط تنش و بدون تنش همبستگی مثبت و معنی داری وجود داشت. مقایسه میانگین ها نشان داد که ژنوتیپ شماره 10 (WC-4987) از نظر عملکرد، در هر دو شرایط تنش و بدون تنش برتر شناخته شد. همبستگی بین شاخص های مقاومت به خشکی نشان داد که شاخص‌‌های تحمل خشکی (STI)، میانگین نسبی عملکرد (MRP) و صفت عملکرد بیولوژیک با عملکرد دانه در هر دو شرایط تنش و بدون تنش همبستگی مثبت و معنی‌داری داشتند. در رتبه‌بندی بر اساس مجموع رتبه ها، میانگین رتبه‌ها و انحراف معیار رتبه‌ها، ژنوتیپ های شماره10(WC-4987)، 15(WC-47638) و 18(WC-47569) دارای بهترین رتبه بودند و به عنوان ژنوتیپ‌های مقاوم به خشکی و ژنوتیپ‌های 4(WC-47341)، 16(WC-47583) و 22(WC-47467)، ژنوتیپ‌های حساس شناخته شدند. در تجزیه به عامل ها در محیط تنش، 55/80 درصد از واریانس داده‌ها توسط چهار عامل اصلی توجیه شد. تجزیه خوشه‌ای به روش Ward در شرایط تنش ژنوتیپ‌های مورد بررسی را به چهار گروه تقسیم کرد. روند گروه‌بندی ژنوتیپ ها تا حدودی متفاوت می‌باشد که ناشی از واکنش متفاوت ژنوتیپ های گندم نان به تنش کمبود آب و تفاوت در حساسیت یا مقاومت نسبی آنها به تنش است.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Drought is the abiotic stress to decrease yield potential. To screen and identify drought tolerant genotypes of bread wheat landraces, was studied in a randomized complete block design with three replications with two levels of stress (stress and non-stress environments) and 25 bread wheat genotypes, at the Razi University of Kermanshah in 2017-2018. Results of analysis of variance and mean comparison of morphological, physiological and biochemical traits showed that effect of genotype was significant for most of the traits under stress. Correlation coefficients showed a positive and significant result between yield with thousand seed weight and biological yield in both stress and non-stress conditions. Analysis of variance and mean comparisons showed that genotype No. 10 was superior under both stress and non-stress conditions. The results of correlation between drought stress indices showed that STI, MRP and biological yield were positively and significantly correlated with grain yield under both stress and non-stress conditions. Ranking of genotypes, based on sum of ranks, mean ranks and standard deviation of ranks, showed that genotypes 10, 15 and 18 were best rank and recognized as superior drought resistant genotypes, while genotypes 4, 16, and 22 were identified susceptible. Factor analysis in stress environment explained 80.55% of the variance by four main factors. Ward's cluster analysis under stress condition divided the genotypes into four groups. Grouping of genotypes were somewhat different due to different responses of bread wheat genotypes to water deficit stress and their differences in susceptibilies or relative resistancese.
منابع و مأخذ:
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· Aghaee Sarabzah, M., R. Rajabi, R. Haghparast, and R. Mohammadi. 2008. Study and selection of bread wheat genotypes using physiological traits and drought tolerance indices. Seedlings and Seeds. 24 (3): 599-579. (In Persian)
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· Noorifarjam, Sh., E. Farshadfar, and M. Saeidi. 2013. Evaluation of drought tolerant genotypes in bread wheat using yield based screening techniques. European Journal of Experimental Biology. 3 (1): 138-143.
· Renu, K.C., and S. Devarshi. 2007. Acclimation to drought stress generates oxidative stress tolerance in drought-resistant than susceptible wheat cultivar under field conditions. Environmental and Experimental Botany. 60: 276–283.
· Sardouie-Nasab, S., Gh. Mohammadi-Nejad, and B. Nakhoda. 2014. Field screening of salinity tolerance in Iranian bread wheat lines. Crop Science. 54:1489–1496.
· Schneider, K.A., R. Rosales-Serna, F. Ibarra-Perez, B. Cazares-Enriques, J.A. Acosta-Gallegos, P. Ramirez-Allejo, N. Wassimi and J.D. Kelly. 1997. Improving common bean performance under drought stress. Crop Science. 37: 43-50.
· Shahriari, R. 2016. Evaluation of genetic diversity of some morphological and physiological traits of wheat genotypes under drought stress conditions. Journal of Crop Ecophysiology. 10 (2): 413-430. (In Persian)
· Shaibani Rad, A., and E. Farshadfar. 2017. Evaluation of drought tolerance in bread wheat genotypes using drought tolerance indices. Journal of Crop Ecophysiology. 31: 1-14. (In Persian).
· Sinha, A.K. 1972. Colorimetric assay of catalase. Analytical Biochemistry. 47(2): 389-394.
Talebi, R., F. Fayaz, and A.M. Naji. 2009. Effective selection criteria for assessing drought stress tolerance in durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.). General and Applied Plant Physiology. 35(1/2), 64-74.
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· Abdi, H., M.H. Fotokian, and S. Shabanpour. 2016. Studying the inheritance mode of grain yield and yield components in bread wheat genotypes using generations mean analysis. Cereal Research. 6(3): 283-292. (In Persian)
· Abhari, A., S. Galeshi, N. Latifi, and M. Kalate Arabi. 2006. Effect of drought stress on yield, yield components and proline amino acid of wheat bread genotypes (Triticum aestivum L.). Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Technology. 20(6): 57-67.
· Aghaee Sarabzah, M., R. Rajabi, R. Haghparast, and R. Mohammadi. 2008. Study and selection of bread wheat genotypes using physiological traits and drought tolerance indices. Seedlings and Seeds. 24 (3): 599-579. (In Persian)
· Ahmadzadeh, M., A. Noori, H. Shahbazi, and M. Habibpour. 2011. Effects of drought stress on some agronomic and morphological traits of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) landraces under greenhouse conditions. African Journal of Biotechnology. 10(64): 14097-14107.
· Arshad, Y., M. Zahravi, and A. Soltani. 2018. Study of changes in agronomic traits under drought stress conditions in bread wheat populations. Journal of Agricultural Research. 10(3): 219-236. (In Persian)
· Bakhshande, A., A. Ferdows, and A. Naderi. 2003. Evaluation of grain yield, its components and some agronomic traits of spring wheat genotypes under semi-irrigated conditions in Ahvaz. Journal of Pazhoohesh and Sazandegi in Agronomy and Horticulture. (61):57-65. (In Persian)
· Barrs, H. D. 1968. Determination of water deficits in plant tissues. In: T.T. Kozolvski (Ed.), Water Deficits and Plant Growth. Academic Press. 1: 235–368.
· Bates, L.S., R.P. Waldern, and I.D. Teave. 1973. Rapid determination of free proline for water stress standies. Plant and Soil. 39: 205-107. (In Persian).
· Edit, Á., H.C. Cecile, E. László, and S.Z. László. 2010 Methods for determination of proline in plants. In methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) 639:317-31. DOI: 10.1007/978-1-60761-702-0-20.
· Egert, M., and M. Tevini. 2002. Influence of drought on some physiological parameters symptomatic for oxidative stress in leaves of chives (Alliu choenoprasum). Environ. Exp. Bot. 48: 43-49.
· Farshadfar, E. 2018. Genetic improvement of environmental stresses. Vosuq Publishing. First Edition. 844.
· Farshadfar, E., and P. Elyasi. 2012. Screening quantitative indicators of drought tolerance in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) landraces. European Journal of Experimental Biology. 3 (3): 304-311.
· Farshadfar, E., and R. Mohammadi. 2006. Evaluation of drought tolerance of bread wheat genotypes using agronomic and physiological indices. Journal of Agricultural Science. 29(1): 87-97.
· Fernandez, G.C.J. 1992. Effective selection criteria for assessing plant stresstolerance. Proceeding of a Symposium. Taiwan. pp. 257-270.
· Geravandi, M., E. Farshadfar, and D. Kahrizi. 2011. Evaluation of some physiological traits as indicators of drought tolerance in bread wheat genotypes. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology. 58(1): 69-75.
· Heidari Sharifabad, H. 2008. Strategies for reducing drought damage in agriculture. Congress of Agriculture and Plant Breeding in Iran. 47-60.
· Kamrani, M., A. Mehraban, and M. Shiri. 2018. Identification of tolerant wheat genotypes using drought tolerance indices. Journal of Crop Breeding. 10(28): 13-26. (In Persian)
· Khalighi, M., and A. Arzani. 2006. Study of genetic diversity of wild wheat species using AFLP marker. Proceedings of the First Agricultural Biotechnology Conference, Razi University, Kermanshah. 102-106.
· Lichtenthaler, H., and A.R. Wellburn. 1983. Determination of total carotenoids and chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b leaf extracts in different solvents. Biochemical Society Transactions. 603: 591-592.
· Mafakheri, A., A. Siosemardeh, B. Bahramnejad, P.C. Struik, and Y. Sohrabi. 2010. Effect of drought stress on yield, proline and chlorophyll contents in three chickpea cultivars. Australian Journal Crop Science. 4(8): 580–585.
· Mickky, B., H. Aldesuquy, and M. Elnajar. 2019. Drought-induced change in yield capacity of ten wheat cultivars in relation to their vegetative characteristics at heading stage. Physiol. Mol. Biol. Plants. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-019-00705-0
· Mohamadi, R., R. Haghparast, M. Aghaei Sarbarze, and A. Abdollahi. 2006. Evalluation of advanced durum wheat to drought stress based on physiological traits. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 1(37): 3. 563-567. (In Persian)
· Mollasadeghi, V., A.A. Imani, F. Shahryari, and M. Khyatnezhad. 2011. Classifying bread wheat genotypes by multivariable statistical analysis to achieve high yield under after anthesis drought. Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research. 7(2): 217-220.
· Naghavi, M.R., M. Moghaddam, M. Torchi, and M.R. Shakiba. 2016. Evaluation of spring wheat cultivars based on drought stress indices. Journal of Crop Breeding. 8 (17): 192-207. (In Persian)
· Noorifarjam, Sh., E. Farshadfar, and M. Saeidi. 2013. Evaluation of drought tolerant genotypes in bread wheat using yield based screening techniques. European Journal of Experimental Biology. 3 (1): 138-143.
· Renu, K.C., and S. Devarshi. 2007. Acclimation to drought stress generates oxidative stress tolerance in drought-resistant than susceptible wheat cultivar under field conditions. Environmental and Experimental Botany. 60: 276–283.
· Sardouie-Nasab, S., Gh. Mohammadi-Nejad, and B. Nakhoda. 2014. Field screening of salinity tolerance in Iranian bread wheat lines. Crop Science. 54:1489–1496.
· Schneider, K.A., R. Rosales-Serna, F. Ibarra-Perez, B. Cazares-Enriques, J.A. Acosta-Gallegos, P. Ramirez-Allejo, N. Wassimi and J.D. Kelly. 1997. Improving common bean performance under drought stress. Crop Science. 37: 43-50.
· Shahriari, R. 2016. Evaluation of genetic diversity of some morphological and physiological traits of wheat genotypes under drought stress conditions. Journal of Crop Ecophysiology. 10 (2): 413-430. (In Persian)
· Shaibani Rad, A., and E. Farshadfar. 2017. Evaluation of drought tolerance in bread wheat genotypes using drought tolerance indices. Journal of Crop Ecophysiology. 31: 1-14. (In Persian).
· Sinha, A.K. 1972. Colorimetric assay of catalase. Analytical Biochemistry. 47(2): 389-394.
Talebi, R., F. Fayaz, and A.M. Naji. 2009. Effective selection criteria for assessing drought stress tolerance in durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.). General and Applied Plant Physiology. 35(1/2), 64-74.
