واکنش کلروفیل، محتوای نسبی آب و پروتئین برگ گلرنگ به تنش شوری و محلول پاشی کلسیم، پتاسیم و منگنز
محورهای موضوعی : اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعیمحمود عطارزاده 1 , اصغر رحیمی 2 , بنیامین ترابی 3
1 - دانشجوی دکتری زراعت دانشگاه یاسوج ، یاسوج، ایران
2 - دانشیار گروه زراعت، دانشگاه ولی عصر رفسنجان، رفسنجان، ایران
3 - استادیار گروه زراعت دانشگاه ولی عصر رفسنجان، رفسنجان، ایران
کلید واژه: تنش شوری, گلرنگ, کلروفیل, محلول پاشی,
چکیده مقاله :
به منظور بررسی تاثیر محلول پاشی کلسیم، پتاسیم و منگنز روی شاخص های کلروفیل و محتوای نسبی آب برگ گلرنگ رقم پدیده در شرایط تنش شوری، آزمایش گلدانی در گلخانه دانشگاه ولی عصر رفسنجان در سال 1390 اجرا شد. این آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل دو عاملی، در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با 3 تکرار انجام شد. عامل اول شوری در چهار سطح، شامل بدون شوری (شاهد) و شوری 500، 1000 و 1500 میلی گرم کلرید سدیم بر کیلوگرم خاک بود و عامل دوم محلول پاشی در چهار سطح: محلول پاشی با آب مقطر (شاهد) و محلول پاشی نیترات کلسیم و پتاسیم دی هیدروژن فسفات، هر یک با غلظت ده میلی مولار، و محلول پاشی سولفات منگنز به مقدار یک میلی مولار از دو هفته پس از سبز شدن و هر دو هفته یک بار اعمال شد. نتایج نشان داد که تیمار 1500 میلی گرم کلرید سدیم، به طور معنیداری عدد اسپد، نسبت Fv/Fm و محتوای آب نسبی را در برگ گلرنگ تحت تاثیر قرار داد و باعث کاهش معنیدار آنها شد، از طرف دیگر افزایش شوری منجر به افزایش کمبود آب اشباع برگ گردید. محلول پاشی نیترات کلسیم، پتاسیم دی هیدروژن فسفات و سولفات منگنز نیز باعث کاهش عدد اسپد گردیده است. محلول پاشی نیترات کلسیم سبب افزایش محتوای پروتئین برگ در شرایط شوری 500 میلی گرم کلرید سدیم و بدون شوری گردید. محلول پاشی سولفات منگنز سبب افزایش میزان کلروفیل b و b+ a و کلروفیل a در سطح شوری 500 میلی گرم کلرید سدیم گردید. بنابراین، با توجه به نقش مثبت کلسیم و منگنز در تولید و حفاظت از کلروفیل و پروتئین، محلول پاشی آن می تواند راه کار مناسبی در جهت کاهش خسارت گیاهان در شرایط تنش شوری باشد.
To study the effect of Ca, K, and Mn foliar spray on chlorophyll and relative water contents of safflower (cv. Padideh) leaves under salinity condition a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted at Vali-e-Asr University Greenhouse in 2011. Factors were salinity with four levels: 0, 500, 1000, and 1500 mg NaCl kg -1, and foliar spraying of plants with four levels: distilled water, 10 mM CaNo3, 10 mM K2HPO4 and 1 mM MnSo4. Spraying were applied two weeks after emergence and continued every 2 weeks. Results showed that 1500 mg NaCl reduced SPAD value, leaf chlorophyll fluorescence and relative water content. However, increasing salinity induced higher leaf water saturation. Foliar spraying of plants with MnSO4, K2HPO4 and CaNo3 nutrients, also reduced SPAD value. Foliar application of plants with Ca(NO3)2 increased leaf protein in 500 mg NaCl and without salinity. Application of MnSo4 increased chlorophyll b, a+b and also chlorophyll a (in 500 mg NaCl). Thus, in respect to the positive role of calcium and manganese in the production and preservation of chlorophyll and protein, foliar spray application can be a suitable strategy to reduce crop losses under salinity conditions.
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