ارزیابی دور آبیاری و پلیمر سوپرجاذب برخصوصیات مورفوفیزیولوژیکی گیاه مرتعی کبر (Capparis spinosa L.)
محورهای موضوعی : ژنتیکامین الله باقری فرد 1 , یوسف حمیداوغلی 2 , محمد حسن بیگلویی 3 , مهراورنگ قائدی 4
1 - گروه باغبانی، پردیس دانشگاهی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران
2 - گروه باغبانی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران
3 - گروه آبیاری، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران
4 - گروه شیمی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران
کلید واژه: سوپرجاذب, زنده‌مانی, دور آبیاری, دیم, کبر,
چکیده مقاله :
به‌منظور بررسی تاثیر مقادیر مختلف سوپر جاذب در سطوح مختلف آبیاری بر عملکرد گیاه کبر (Capparis spinosa L.)، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در مزرعه تحقیقاتی امامزاده جعفر (ع) گچساران در سه تکرار در سال 1394 اجرا شد. فاکتور اصلی شامل سطوح مختلف آبیاری (آبیاری هر یکماه یکبار، هر دو ماه یکبار و بدون آبیاری) و فاکتور فرعی شامل سطوح مختلف سوپر جاذب A200 Tarawat (عدم کاربرد (تیمار شاهد)، 75، 150 و 225 گرم برای هر گیاه) بود. بر اساس نتایج به دست آمده از این مطالعه بیشترین تعداد شاخه فرعی، قطر یقه، ارتفاع گیاه، کلروفیل b, a و کلروفیل کل در تیمار آبیاری دو ماه یکبار ×150 گرم سوپرجاذب مشاهده شد و بیشترین مقدار کاروتنوئیدها در شاهد مشاهده شد. همچنین بالاترین درصد زنده مانی گیاه در تیمار 225 گرم سوپر جاذب بدون آبیاری بدست آمد. در سطح آبیاری دوماه یکبار، عملکرد بیشتری در پارامترهای اندازه گیری شده نسبت به دو سطح آبیاری مشاهده شد. یافته‌های این مطالعه مشخص ساخت که کاربرد مواد سوپرجاذب در شرایط دیم می تواند با کاهش اثرات تنش خشکی موجب بهبود خصوصیات مورفولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی گیاه کبر گردد.
To evaluate the effects of using various levels of superabsorbent and irrigation regimes on yields of Capparis spinosa plant an experiment was performed based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in the Research Field of Emamzadeh Jaafar Gachsaran in 2015. The main factor consisted of three irrigation regimes (once in a month, once every two months, and no irrigation) and a sub-factor at four levels of superabsorbent by Tarawat A200 applications (no superabsorbent, 75, 150, and 225 g/plant). Results revealed that the highest number of branches, collar diameter, height, and chlorophyll belonged to the plants irrigated every two months with 150 g superabsorbent and the highest value of carotenoids was observed in control plants. The highest plant survival rate was observed in 225 g/plant superabsorbent treatment alone. Irrigation levels had positive effects on the morphological characteristics of the plant so that the irrigation level of once every two months had more yield than the other levels. Findings suggest that the application of superabsorbent material in dry land condition could increase the yield by mitigating the effects of the drought stress.
Aalami, M., Tehranifar, A., Davrinezhad, Gh.H. and Salahvarzi, Y. (2011). The effect of superabsorbent, paclobutrazol and irrigation interval on qualitative characteristics and Lolium perenne cv. Barbal growth in climatic conditions of Mashhad. Journal of Horticulture (Agriculture Sciences and Technology(. 25(3): 295-288 . (In Persian).
Abedi-koupai J., and Asadkazemi, J. (2006). Effect of hydrophilic polymer on the field performance of an ornamental plant (Cupressus arizonica) under reduced irrigation regimes. Iranian Polymer Journal, 15(9):715-725 . (In Persian).
Alizadeh, A. (2011). Designing Irrigation Systems: Designing Pressure Irrigation Systems. Quds Razavi Publishing, Iran. 2: 368 P . (In Persian).
Allahdadi, A. (2002). Effect of application of superabsorbent hydrogels on decreasing drought stress in plants. Proceedings of the second educational period of agricultural and industrial application of Super Hydrocarbon, Tehran, Iran
Anjavimosavi, F., Taghvayi, M., Sadeghi, H. and Hasanali, A. (2015). Investigation of the effect of superabsorbent on initial vigor and water use efficiency of seedlings (Calotropis procera L.) under drought stress conditions. Journal of Rangeland and Desert Research of Iran. 22(2): 216-230 . (In Persian).
Arbona, V., Iglesias, D.J., Jacas, J., Primo-Millo, E., Talon, M. and Gomez-Cadenas, A. (2005). Hydrogel substrate amendment alleviates drought effects on young citrus plants, Plant Soil, 270: 73-82.
Arnon, D.I. (1949). Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts. polyphenoloxidase in Beta Vulgaris. Plant Physiology. 24: 1-15.
Ashraf, M.Y., Azim, A.R., Khan, A.H. and Ala, S.A. (1994). Effect of water stress on total phenols, peroxidase activity and chlorophyll content in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Acta Physiology Plant, 16, 185-191.
Banj Shafiei, A., Eshaghi Rad, J., Alijanpour, A. and Pato, A. (2011). Effects of super-absorbent application and irrigation period on the growth of pistachio seedlings (Pistacia atlantica), (Case study: Dr. Javanshir nursery, Piranshahr) Investigation of the effect of superabsorbent application and irrigation period on the growth of pistachio seedlings (Pistacia atlantica). Iranian Journal of Forest, Iranian Forestry Association. 4(2): 101-112 . (In Persian).
Banj Shafiei, Sh. (2015). The effect of mixing a hydrophilic polymer with soil in Panicom rangeland and its effect on nitrogen fertilizer leaching. Journal of Rangeland and Desert Research of Iran. 22(3): 595-605 . (In Persian).
Benzidane, N., Charef, N., Krache, I., Baghiani, A. and Arrar, L. (2013). In vitro bronchorelaxant effects of Capparis spinosa aqueous extracts on rat trachea. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science . 3: 85–88.
Chirino, E., Vilagrosa, A. and Vallejo, V.R. (2011). Using hydrogel and clay to improve the water status of seedlings for dryland restoration, Plant Soil, 344: 99-110.
Davarpanah, Gh. R. (2005). Investigation of the effect of superabsorbent moisture on the supply of shrubbery in wet areas, Journal of Water and Wastewater.16(1): 62-69 . (In Persian).
Dehbashi, S., Ladan Moghadam, A. and Ghafourian, A. (2014). The effect of Superabsorbent on reducing the effect of drought stress on some physiological traits of Tagetes marigold. Iranian Journal of Plant Ecophysiology. 9 (3): 81-72 . (In Persian).
Green, C.H., Foster, C., Cardon, G.E., Butters, G.L., Brick, M. and Ogg, B. (2004). Water release from cross-linked polyacrylamide. Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, CO, p.252-260.
Hassani, A. (2006). Effect of water deficit stress on growth, yield and essential oil content of Dracocephalum moldavica. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 22(3): 256-261 . (In Persian).
Huttermann, A., Zommorodi, M. and Reise, K. (1999). Addition of hydrogels to soil for prolonging the survival of Pinus halepensis seedlings subjected to drought, Soil and Tillage Research, 50: 295-304.
Jaffari, M., Alli, M. and Tavili, A. (2012). Application of superabsorbent hydrogels on soil moisture storage and Atriplex canescens deposition in arid regions. Journal of. Renewable Natural Resources Research. 3(2): 11-18 . (In Persian).
Jallili, Kh., Jallili, J. and Sohrabi, H. (2011). Effect of superabsorbent polymer (Tarawat A 200) and irrigation interval on almond seedlings growth. Journal of Water and Soil Science. 21(2): 121-134 . (In Persian).
Jazirei, M.H. (2001). Forestry in the dryland. Tehran University Press. 450Pp . (In Persian).
Khorami, B. (2006). Karbar-Kaparis. Livestock, Cultivation and industry. 83: 50p . (In Persian).
Kochekzadeh, M., Sabaghfarshi, A.A. and Ganjikhoramdel, N. (2000). Effect of water superabsorbent polymer on some physical properties of soil. Soil and water science. 14(2): 176-185. (In Persian).
Lam, S.K., Han, Q.F. and Ng, T.B. (2009). "Isolation and characterization of a lectin with potentially exploitable activities from caper (Capparis spinosa) seeds." Bioscience Reports 29(5): 293-299.
Lemhadri, A., Eddouks, M., Sulpice, T. and Burcelin, R. (2007). Anti-hyperglycaemic and anti-obesity Effects of Capparisspinosa and Chamaemelumnobile aqueous extracts in HFD mice. American Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology. 2(3): 106-110.
Lucero, M.E., Dreesen, D.R. and Vanleeuwen, D.M. (2010). Using hydrogel filled, embedded teubes to sustain grass transplants for arid land restoration, Journal of Arid Environments, 74: 987-990.
Mozafarian, V. (2012). Recognition of medicinal and aromatic herbs in Iran. Tehran. Contemporary culture. 1350P . (In Persian).
Nazarli, H., Zardashti, M.R. Darvishzadeh, R. and Najafi, S. (2010). The effect of water stress and polymer on water use efficiency, yield and several morphological traits of sunflower. Notulae Scientia Biologicae. 2(4), 53-58.
Olmez, Z., Yahyaoglu, Z. and Ucler, A.O. (2004). Effects of H2SO4 , KNO3 and GA3 treatments on germination of caper (Capparis ovata Desf.) seeds. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences. 7(6): 879-882.
Omidbaigi, R. (2008). Production and processing of medicinal plants (Volume II). Astan Quds Razavi Publishing. 192-198 . (In Persian).
Shaikhmoradi, F., Arji, A., Esmaeili, A. and Abdosi, V. (2011). The effect of irrigation interval and superabsorbent polymer on some qualitative characteristics of Lawn Sport. Journal of Horticultural Science (Agricultural Sciences and Technology). 25(2): 170-177 . (In Persian).
Tallaei, A. and Asadzadeh, A. (2005). Investigation of the effect of superabsorbent hydrogels on the reduction of olive trees drought. The first and second period of the specialized - educational - agricultural and industrial application of superabsorbent hydrogels . (In Persian).
Widiastuti, N., Wu, H., Ang, M. and Zhang, D.K. (2008). The potential application of natural zeolite for greywater treatment. Desalienation. 218: 271- 280.
Zargari, A. (1986). Medicinal Plants (Vol. 2). Tehran University Press, Tehran. 550Pp. (In Persian)
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Aalami, M., Tehranifar, A., Davrinezhad, Gh.H. and Salahvarzi, Y. (2011). The effect of superabsorbent, paclobutrazol and irrigation interval on qualitative characteristics and Lolium perenne cv. Barbal growth in climatic conditions of Mashhad. Journal of Horticulture (Agriculture Sciences and Technology(. 25(3): 295-288 . (In Persian).
Abedi-koupai J., and Asadkazemi, J. (2006). Effect of hydrophilic polymer on the field performance of an ornamental plant (Cupressus arizonica) under reduced irrigation regimes. Iranian Polymer Journal, 15(9):715-725 . (In Persian).
Alizadeh, A. (2011). Designing Irrigation Systems: Designing Pressure Irrigation Systems. Quds Razavi Publishing, Iran. 2: 368 P . (In Persian).
Allahdadi, A. (2002). Effect of application of superabsorbent hydrogels on decreasing drought stress in plants. Proceedings of the second educational period of agricultural and industrial application of Super Hydrocarbon, Tehran, Iran
Anjavimosavi, F., Taghvayi, M., Sadeghi, H. and Hasanali, A. (2015). Investigation of the effect of superabsorbent on initial vigor and water use efficiency of seedlings (Calotropis procera L.) under drought stress conditions. Journal of Rangeland and Desert Research of Iran. 22(2): 216-230 . (In Persian).
Arbona, V., Iglesias, D.J., Jacas, J., Primo-Millo, E., Talon, M. and Gomez-Cadenas, A. (2005). Hydrogel substrate amendment alleviates drought effects on young citrus plants, Plant Soil, 270: 73-82.
Arnon, D.I. (1949). Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts. polyphenoloxidase in Beta Vulgaris. Plant Physiology. 24: 1-15.
Ashraf, M.Y., Azim, A.R., Khan, A.H. and Ala, S.A. (1994). Effect of water stress on total phenols, peroxidase activity and chlorophyll content in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Acta Physiology Plant, 16, 185-191.
Banj Shafiei, A., Eshaghi Rad, J., Alijanpour, A. and Pato, A. (2011). Effects of super-absorbent application and irrigation period on the growth of pistachio seedlings (Pistacia atlantica), (Case study: Dr. Javanshir nursery, Piranshahr) Investigation of the effect of superabsorbent application and irrigation period on the growth of pistachio seedlings (Pistacia atlantica). Iranian Journal of Forest, Iranian Forestry Association. 4(2): 101-112 . (In Persian).
Banj Shafiei, Sh. (2015). The effect of mixing a hydrophilic polymer with soil in Panicom rangeland and its effect on nitrogen fertilizer leaching. Journal of Rangeland and Desert Research of Iran. 22(3): 595-605 . (In Persian).
Benzidane, N., Charef, N., Krache, I., Baghiani, A. and Arrar, L. (2013). In vitro bronchorelaxant effects of Capparis spinosa aqueous extracts on rat trachea. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science . 3: 85–88.
Chirino, E., Vilagrosa, A. and Vallejo, V.R. (2011). Using hydrogel and clay to improve the water status of seedlings for dryland restoration, Plant Soil, 344: 99-110.
Davarpanah, Gh. R. (2005). Investigation of the effect of superabsorbent moisture on the supply of shrubbery in wet areas, Journal of Water and Wastewater.16(1): 62-69 . (In Persian).
Dehbashi, S., Ladan Moghadam, A. and Ghafourian, A. (2014). The effect of Superabsorbent on reducing the effect of drought stress on some physiological traits of Tagetes marigold. Iranian Journal of Plant Ecophysiology. 9 (3): 81-72 . (In Persian).
Green, C.H., Foster, C., Cardon, G.E., Butters, G.L., Brick, M. and Ogg, B. (2004). Water release from cross-linked polyacrylamide. Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, CO, p.252-260.
Hassani, A. (2006). Effect of water deficit stress on growth, yield and essential oil content of Dracocephalum moldavica. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 22(3): 256-261 . (In Persian).
Huttermann, A., Zommorodi, M. and Reise, K. (1999). Addition of hydrogels to soil for prolonging the survival of Pinus halepensis seedlings subjected to drought, Soil and Tillage Research, 50: 295-304.
Jaffari, M., Alli, M. and Tavili, A. (2012). Application of superabsorbent hydrogels on soil moisture storage and Atriplex canescens deposition in arid regions. Journal of. Renewable Natural Resources Research. 3(2): 11-18 . (In Persian).
Jallili, Kh., Jallili, J. and Sohrabi, H. (2011). Effect of superabsorbent polymer (Tarawat A 200) and irrigation interval on almond seedlings growth. Journal of Water and Soil Science. 21(2): 121-134 . (In Persian).
Jazirei, M.H. (2001). Forestry in the dryland. Tehran University Press. 450Pp . (In Persian).
Khorami, B. (2006). Karbar-Kaparis. Livestock, Cultivation and industry. 83: 50p . (In Persian).
Kochekzadeh, M., Sabaghfarshi, A.A. and Ganjikhoramdel, N. (2000). Effect of water superabsorbent polymer on some physical properties of soil. Soil and water science. 14(2): 176-185. (In Persian).
Lam, S.K., Han, Q.F. and Ng, T.B. (2009). "Isolation and characterization of a lectin with potentially exploitable activities from caper (Capparis spinosa) seeds." Bioscience Reports 29(5): 293-299.
Lemhadri, A., Eddouks, M., Sulpice, T. and Burcelin, R. (2007). Anti-hyperglycaemic and anti-obesity Effects of Capparisspinosa and Chamaemelumnobile aqueous extracts in HFD mice. American Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology. 2(3): 106-110.
Lucero, M.E., Dreesen, D.R. and Vanleeuwen, D.M. (2010). Using hydrogel filled, embedded teubes to sustain grass transplants for arid land restoration, Journal of Arid Environments, 74: 987-990.
Mozafarian, V. (2012). Recognition of medicinal and aromatic herbs in Iran. Tehran. Contemporary culture. 1350P . (In Persian).
Nazarli, H., Zardashti, M.R. Darvishzadeh, R. and Najafi, S. (2010). The effect of water stress and polymer on water use efficiency, yield and several morphological traits of sunflower. Notulae Scientia Biologicae. 2(4), 53-58.
Olmez, Z., Yahyaoglu, Z. and Ucler, A.O. (2004). Effects of H2SO4 , KNO3 and GA3 treatments on germination of caper (Capparis ovata Desf.) seeds. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences. 7(6): 879-882.
Omidbaigi, R. (2008). Production and processing of medicinal plants (Volume II). Astan Quds Razavi Publishing. 192-198 . (In Persian).
Shaikhmoradi, F., Arji, A., Esmaeili, A. and Abdosi, V. (2011). The effect of irrigation interval and superabsorbent polymer on some qualitative characteristics of Lawn Sport. Journal of Horticultural Science (Agricultural Sciences and Technology). 25(2): 170-177 . (In Persian).
Tallaei, A. and Asadzadeh, A. (2005). Investigation of the effect of superabsorbent hydrogels on the reduction of olive trees drought. The first and second period of the specialized - educational - agricultural and industrial application of superabsorbent hydrogels . (In Persian).
Widiastuti, N., Wu, H., Ang, M. and Zhang, D.K. (2008). The potential application of natural zeolite for greywater treatment. Desalienation. 218: 271- 280.
Zargari, A. (1986). Medicinal Plants (Vol. 2). Tehran University Press, Tehran. 550Pp. (In Persian)