اولویت بندی شاخص های موثر بر توسعه کار آفرینی، از نگاه topsis یک رویکرد تصمیم گیری چند شاخصه (مطالعه موردی؛ شهرستان خلخال)
محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت صنعتیMostafa Maleki Golandouz 1 , Hojatolah Derakhashan 2 , Hassan Maleki 3
1 - Department of Wood and Paper Science and Technology, khalkhal Branch, Islamic Azad University, khalkhal, Iran.
2 - Department of Management, khalkhal Branch, Islamic Azad University, khalkhal, Iran.
3 - Member of the National Academy of elite graduate program in Computer Engineering, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
کلید واژه: توسعه, تکنیک تاپسیس, development, کارآفرینی, entrepreneurship, TOPSIS technique, خلخال, khalkhal,
چکیده مقاله :
کارآفرینی، مفهومی است که همواره، کنار بشر بوده و به عنوان یک پدیده نوین نقش موثری را در توسعه و پیشرفت اقتصادی کشورها داشته است. از این رو تضمین حیات و بقاء کشورها نیازمند نوآوری، ابداع و خلق محصولات و خدمات جدید می باشد و یکی از ویژگیهای مشترک این دسته الگوها، توجه به عوامل محیطی اثرگذار برکارآفرین و جریان کارآفرینی است. در اغلب کشورهای جهان اقدامات و راهکارهای مختلفی را برای توسعه کارآفرینی شناسایی و اجرا کرده اند از این رو عوامل متعددی در ایجاد و توسعه کارآ فرینی نقش دارند. پژوهش حاضر رتبه بندی و اولویت بندی شاخص های موثر بر توسعه کار آفرینی در شهرستان خلخال را مورد بررسی قرار داده است. این تحقیق، تحلیلی توصیفی- پیمایشی است به این طریق که ابتدا با مطالعه ادبیات موضوع و نظرات کارشناسان شاخص ها شناسایی شده اند، سپس با طراحی پرسشنامه که پایایی آن از طریق ضریب آلفای کرونباخ (89/0) تأیید شده، از دیدکارآفرینان و صاحبنظران پرسشنامه توزیع شد و شاخص ها مشخص گردید. با استفاده از تکنیک‌های تصمیم‌گیری چند معیاره(تاپسیس) شاخص های توسعه کارآفرینی رتبه بندی شدند. نتایج مطالعات نشان داد، در شاخص فردی، زیر شاخص تجربه کاری، در شاخص اقتصادی زیر شاخص نیرونی انسانی، در شاخص ساختار و پویایی صنعت و تولید زیر شاخص فرصت ها و در شاخص سرمایه اجتماعی زیر شاخص تصمیم گیری، رتبه های نخست را کسب کردند. عوامل و زیر شاخص های همچون دارایی و پول، محیط اقتصادی کلان و تورم، ساختار و بازار صنایع و یکپارچگی یا سلسله مراتب اجتماعی از اهمیت کمتری بر خوردار بوده و در رتبه های آخر قرار گرفتند.
Entrepreneurship is a concept that has always been associated with human and as a new phenomenon has an important role in economic development. This country needs to innovate and to create new products and services to survival and this is considered as a model to envisage the development. Since one common feature of these models is depending on environmental factors affecting the entrepreneur and entrepreneurship, in most countries identifying and implementing actions and strategies for the development of entrepreneurship have various factors involved in the creation and development of entrepreneurship. The present study investigated the ranking index of the effective factor of Entrepreneurship development in Khalkhal city. Since this study is a descriptive and analytic one, first reviewing the literature appraised and indicators and factors were identified by experts. Then, the designed questionnaire which its Reliability approved by using Cronbach's alpha (89/0) coefficient. Parameters were determined from the entrepreneurs' perspective. Using multi-criteria decision-making techniques (TOPSIS), entrepreneurship development indicators were ranked. The results are indicated as follows: the work experience index in the individual directory, economic indicators, from human resources directory, structure and dynamics of the industry and producing the following opportunities index and the social capital index from decision criteria directory achieved the first rank. Factors and indicators as property and money, the macroeconomic environment and inflation, industry market Structure and integration or social hierarchies are considered as less important factors and consequently ranked at the end of the list.
1- Asgharpour, M., J. (2011). Multi-criteria Decision Making, Ninth Edition, Tehran: Tehran University Press.
2- Miri Ali., M. (2009). Entrepreneurship Education: Genesis, Development, Trends and Challenges of Entrepreneurship, the First Year the First Issue, Fall, 169,133.
3- Echols, A. E., & Neck, C. P. (1998).The Impact of Behaviors and Structure On Corporate Entrepreneurial Success. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 13(1/2), 38−46.
4- Ghasempor, Rashidi, A. (2013). Prioritize Suppliers group Decision Technique and Determine the Optimal Purchase, (ISACO) Quarterly Industrial College of Humanities, University of Sanandaj in Eighth No. 26.
5- Hornaday, R. W. (1992). Thinking about Entrepreneurship a Fuzzy set Approach”. Journal of Small Business Management, 30(4), 12−23.
6- Hurley, A. (1998). Incorporating Feminist Theories in to Sociological Theories of Entrepreneurship, Woman in Management Review, 14, (2).
7- Thompson, j., Geoff, A. & Lees, A. (2000).The world of the Entrepreneur, 38, (5).
8- Kordnayj,Zali, & A. Mohammad Reza, A. (2012). Structural Guidelines for The Development of Entrepreneurship in Iran, Development of Entrepreneurship, Sixth, the Second number, Summer, 114, 94.
9- KHarghani, N. (2007). Schumpeter's Theory of Entrepreneurship: The World Economy, Supplement No. 20 monthly Analysis.
10- Moradi,M.(2011). The role of Entrepreneurship in the five-year rule set Development Programs, International Conference on Management, Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Shiraz, 27 and 28 Bahman.
11- Maleki, M., Tajdeni, ,A.,SHademan, P, Agharafiee. E. (2013). Identify and Rank the factors Affecting Customer Satisfaction of wooden Furniture Industry (The Case of furniture); Journal of Wood and Paper Research, 28 (4), 700-717.
12- Pordaryani, A. (2005). Entrepreneurship: Definitions, Models and Theories, Fifth Edition, Tehran Pardis Company Publications.
13- Pordaryani, A. (2004). Entrepreneurial Experiences in Selected Countries, Tehran: Amir kabir Publications.
14- Reynolds, P., Storey, D.J., & Westhead, P. (1994). Cross-national Comparisons of the Variation in new Firm Formation Rates, Regional Studies, 28, 443–456.
15- Sharif Zadeh, A., AbdollahZadeh, A., Abolghasem, GH. (2011). Identify and Prioritize the Protection Needs of Agricultural Businesses, Entrepreneurship Development, Third year, I0 (4), 91.71.
16- Shafi Zadeh, Pardakhtchi, H. Mohamad H. (2006). Introduction to Entrepreneurship, Tehran: Press Arasbaran.
17- Wang, T-C & Lee, H-D. (2009). Developing a fuzzy TOPSIS Approach Based on Subjective Weights and Objective Weights, Expert Systems with Applications, 36, 8980-8985.
_||_1- Asgharpour, M., J. (2011). Multi-criteria Decision Making, Ninth Edition, Tehran: Tehran University Press.
2- Miri Ali., M. (2009). Entrepreneurship Education: Genesis, Development, Trends and Challenges of Entrepreneurship, the First Year the First Issue, Fall, 169,133.
3- Echols, A. E., & Neck, C. P. (1998).The Impact of Behaviors and Structure On Corporate Entrepreneurial Success. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 13(1/2), 38−46.
4- Ghasempor, Rashidi, A. (2013). Prioritize Suppliers group Decision Technique and Determine the Optimal Purchase, (ISACO) Quarterly Industrial College of Humanities, University of Sanandaj in Eighth No. 26.
5- Hornaday, R. W. (1992). Thinking about Entrepreneurship a Fuzzy set Approach”. Journal of Small Business Management, 30(4), 12−23.
6- Hurley, A. (1998). Incorporating Feminist Theories in to Sociological Theories of Entrepreneurship, Woman in Management Review, 14, (2).
7- Thompson, j., Geoff, A. & Lees, A. (2000).The world of the Entrepreneur, 38, (5).
8- Kordnayj,Zali, & A. Mohammad Reza, A. (2012). Structural Guidelines for The Development of Entrepreneurship in Iran, Development of Entrepreneurship, Sixth, the Second number, Summer, 114, 94.
9- KHarghani, N. (2007). Schumpeter's Theory of Entrepreneurship: The World Economy, Supplement No. 20 monthly Analysis.
10- Moradi,M.(2011). The role of Entrepreneurship in the five-year rule set Development Programs, International Conference on Management, Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Shiraz, 27 and 28 Bahman.
11- Maleki, M., Tajdeni, ,A.,SHademan, P, Agharafiee. E. (2013). Identify and Rank the factors Affecting Customer Satisfaction of wooden Furniture Industry (The Case of furniture); Journal of Wood and Paper Research, 28 (4), 700-717.
12- Pordaryani, A. (2005). Entrepreneurship: Definitions, Models and Theories, Fifth Edition, Tehran Pardis Company Publications.
13- Pordaryani, A. (2004). Entrepreneurial Experiences in Selected Countries, Tehran: Amir kabir Publications.
14- Reynolds, P., Storey, D.J., & Westhead, P. (1994). Cross-national Comparisons of the Variation in new Firm Formation Rates, Regional Studies, 28, 443–456.
15- Sharif Zadeh, A., AbdollahZadeh, A., Abolghasem, GH. (2011). Identify and Prioritize the Protection Needs of Agricultural Businesses, Entrepreneurship Development, Third year, I0 (4), 91.71.
16- Shafi Zadeh, Pardakhtchi, H. Mohamad H. (2006). Introduction to Entrepreneurship, Tehran: Press Arasbaran.
17- Wang, T-C & Lee, H-D. (2009). Developing a fuzzy TOPSIS Approach Based on Subjective Weights and Objective Weights, Expert Systems with Applications, 36, 8980-8985.