Investigating the relationship between the activities of antioxidant enzymes and genetic Parameters under drought stress conditions of durum wheat genotypes (Triticum durum Desf).

Subject Areas : Genetics

Hasan Bigonah Hamlabad ¹ , Ibrahim Azizov ² , Mostafa Valizadeh ³

1 - Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ardabil Branch, , Ardabil, Iran.
2 - Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnologies of Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences University, Baku, Azerbaijan
3 - Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

Received: 2024-08-01 Accepted : 2024-09-04 Published : 2024-11-12

Keywords: Diallel cross, GCA, SCA, antioxidants enzymes, correlation analysis, drought stress.,

Abstract :

Drought stress and limited water at the reproductive stage (terminal phase of wheat growth) significantly impact wheat productivity. This study examines terminal drought effects on water relations in wheat. Under drought stress, plants experience hyperosmotic stress at the cellular level, leading to ROS accumulation and oxidative stress, which can impair cell integrity. Plants counter this oxidative damage with a range of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants to maintain ROS balance. An experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design with three replicates in both stressed and non-stressed conditions across six durum wheat (Triticum durum) cultivars. Combining abilities for yield, drought tolerance, and quality traits were estimated using a 6 x 6 half-diallel mating design. F1 seeds and parental varieties were evaluated under terminal drought stress, measuring antioxidant enzymes (catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, superoxide dismutase) and grain yield. Results showed that the additive-dominance model was significant for all enzyme traits at the 1% level, with both additive and dominance effects observed. Broad-sense heritability (GCA) was significant at 1% for antioxidant traits and at 5% for catalase; narrow-sense heritability (SCA) was significant at 1% for grain yield. Correlation analysis revealed that antioxidant factors and grain yield were significantly correlated at p < 1% under drought. In conclusion, drought stress enhances the activity of antioxidant enzymes, which plays a crucial role in maintaining yield in durum wheat under terminal drought conditions. Antioxidant enzyme activity is a useful screening tool for drought-resistant genotypes.

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