Reactions of Modern Broiler Chickens to Administration of Cinnamon Powder in the Diet
Subject Areas : Camel
1 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, IranYoung Researchers and Elite Club, QaemshahrBranch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran
Keywords: Medicinal Plants, broiler chickens, Cinnamon, animal performance,
Abstract :
The objective of this paper was to study the responses on productive performance, carcass characteristics and plasma constituents of modern broiler chicks to administration of cinnamon powder (CP) in the diet. Commercial breeds (Ross 308) of broiler chicks examined from 1 to 42 days of age. This experiment was conducted as a completely randomized design with 5 treatments and four replicates (15 chickens per pen) involving: 1) control diet (basal diet); 2) basic diet plus CP 0.25%; 3) basic diet plus CP 0.50%; 4) basic diet plus CP 0.75% and 5) basic diet plus CP 1.0%. The addiction of CP to the diets of broiler chicks had no significant effects (P>0.05) on cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoproteins (LDL), abdominal fat, gizzard and heart weights and on breast protein percentage. However, the administration of CP had significant effects (P<0.05) on final body weight, body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio (FCR), liver weight, glucose level, thiobarbituric acid (TBA) and breast fat percentage of broiler chicks. The highest (P<0.05) FCR and body weight gains were observed with diet 3 at the end of the experiment. In general, the addiction of CP to the diet of broiler chicks improved body weight and decreased the TBA, glucose, LDL and weight of some inner organs. Taking into account the results mentioned before, the use of CP can be proposed as an ingredient for broiler diets.
Alcicek A., Bozkurt M. and Cabuk M. (2004). The effect of a mixture of herbal essential oils, an organic acid or a probiotic on broiler performance. South African J. Anim. Sci. 34, 217-222.
Bolukbashi N.A. (2007). Effect of dietary thyme (Thymus vulgaris) on laying hens' performance and Escherichia coli (E. coli) concentration in feces. Int. J. Natio. Eng. Sci. 1(2), 55-58.
Chang S.T., Chen P.F. and Chang S.C. (2001). Antibacterial activity of leaf essential oils and their constituents from cinnamomun osmophloeum. J. Ethnopharmacol. 77, 123-127.
Duncan D.B. (1955). Multiple range and multiple F-test. Biometrics. 11, 1-42.
Ei Deek A.A. and Al Harthi M.A. (2004). Response of modern broiler chicks to stocking density, green tea, commercial multi enzymes and their interactions on productive performance, carcass characteristics, liver composition and pelasma constituents. Int. J. Poult. Sci. 3(10), 635-645.
Kamel C. (2001). Tracing methods of action and roles of plant extracts in non-ruminants. Pp. 135-150 in Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition. P.C. Garnsworthy and J. Wiseman, Eds. Nottingham University Press, Nothingham, UK.
Karunakaran R. and Kadirvel R. (2001). Sweet chestnut wood extract as a feed additive in broiler ration. Cheiron. 30, 108-109.
Khosravi A., Boldaji F., Dastar B. and Hasani S. (2008). The use of some feed additives as growth promoter in broilers nutrition. Int. J. Poult. Sci. 7(11), 1095-1099.
Koochacsaraie R., Irani M. and Gharavysi S. (2011). The effect of cinnamon powder feeding on some blood metabolites in broiler chicks. J. Br. Poult. Sci. 13, 197-201.
Langhout P. (2000). New additives for broiler chickens. J. World. Poult. Elsev. 16, 22-27.
Lee J.S., Choi M.S., Jeon S.M., Jeong T.S., Park Y.B., Lee M.K. and Bok S.H. (2001). Lipid lowering and antioxidative activities of 3, 4-di (OH)-cinnamate and 3, 4-di (OH)-hydrocinnamate in cholesterol-fed rats. Clin. Chimical. Acta. 314, 221-229.
Lee J.S., Jeon S.M., Park E.K., Huh T.L., Kwon O.S., Lee M.K. and Choi M.S. (2003). Cinnamate supplementation enhances hepatic lipid metabolism and antioxidant defense systems in high cholesterol-fed rats.J. Med. Food. 6, 183-191.
Lee K.W., Everts H., Kappert H.J., Wouterse H., Frehner M. and Beynen A.C. (2004). Cinnamanaldehyde, but not thymol, counteracts the carboxymethyl cellulose-induced growth depression in female broiler chickens. Int. J. Poult. Sci. 3, 608-612.
Mansoub N.H. (2010). Effect of probiotic bacteria utilization on serum cholesterol and triglycerides contents and performance of broiler chickens. Global Vet. 5(3), 184-186.
Mastura M., Khozirah S., Mawardi R. and Manaf A.A. (1999). Anticandidal and antidermatophytic activity of Cinnamomum species essential oils. Cytobios. 98, 17-23.
Mellor S. (2000). Antibiotics are not the only growth promoters. J. World. Poult. Sci. 16(1), 14-15.
Morris J.A., Khettry A. and Seitz E. (1979). Antimicrobial activity of aroma chemicals and essential oils. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 56, 595-603.
NRC. (1994). Nutrient Requirements of Poultry. 9th Rev. Ed. National Academy Press, Washington, DC, USA.
Osman N., Talat G., Mehmet C., Bestami D. and Simsek G. (2005). The effect of an essential oil mix derived from oregano, clove and aniseed on broiler performance. Int. J. Poult. Sci. 4, 879-884
SASInstitute. (1996). SAS®/STAT Software, Release 6.11. SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, NC.
Shirzadegan K., Gharavysi S. and Irani M. (2012). Investigation on the effect of Iranian green tea powder in diet on performance and blood metabolits of broiler chicks. MS thesis. Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran.
Szewczyk A., Hanczakowska E. and Witkiewicz M. (2006). The effect of nettle (Urtica dioica) extract on fattening performance and fatty acid profile in the meat and serum lipids of pigs.J. Anim. Feed Sci. 15(1), 81-84.
Taback M., Armon R. and Neeman I. (1999). Cinnamon extracts inhibitory effect on Helicobater pylori. J. Ethnophamacol. 67, 269-277.
Tomaino A., Cimino F., Zimbalatti V., Venuti V., Sulfaro V., Depusquale A. and Saiha A. (2005). Influence of heating on antioxidant activity and the chemical composition of some spice essential oils. J. Food Chem. 89, 549-554.
Yalcin S., Onbaşilar L.A., Sehu A. and Yalcin S. (2007). The effects of dietary garlic powder on the performance, egg traits and blood serum cholesterol of laying quails. Asian-australs J. Anim. Sci. 20, 944-947.
Yu H.S., Lee S.Y. and Jang C.G. (2007). Involvement of 5-HT1A and GABAA receptors in the anxiolytic-like effects of Cinnamomum cassia in mice. Pharmacol. Biochem. Beh. 87, 164-70.
Zhao J.P., Chen J.L., Zhao G.P., Zheng M.Q., Jiang R.R. and Wen J. (2009). Live performance, carcass composition, and blood metabolite responses to dietary nutrient density in two distinct broiler breeds of male chickens. Poult. Sci. 88, 2575-2584.