Insoluble Fibers Affected the Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Serum Lipid of Broiler Chickens Fed Wheat-Based Diet
Subject Areas : Camel
1 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
2 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
Keywords: carcass traits, Wheat, broilers, insoluble fiber,
Abstract :
The current study was conducted to survey the influences of addition of alfalfa meal (AM), rice bran (RB) and wood shaving (WS) in wheat-based diets [contain soluble non starch polysaccharides (NSP)] on performance carcass characteristic and serum lipids of broilers from 11 to 42 d of age. Seven hundreds 10-d-old male Ross 308 chicks were placed into 35 pens and allocated to seven wheat-soybean meal-based dietary treatments which were a control (CT) diet (without any fiber source) and six fiber-included diets consisting of three sources of fiber (AM, RB and WS) and two levels of fiber inclusion (3 and 6%) in a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement. According to the results, the average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), feed conversion ratio (FCR), corrected-FCR (C-FCR) and crop, proventriculus, gizzard (relative full weights) and heart, abdominal fat, liver, breast and thigh (relative weights) and serum low density lipoprotein (LDL) were affected by different types of fibers (P<0.05). The inclusion of insoluble fibers in wheat-based diet improved ADG and FCR in broilers, so that, the highest amount of ADG and the lowest amount of C-FCR was related to 3% WS contained diet (P<0.05). The highest amount of gizzard weight was depended to 6% WS contained diet (P<0.05) and the lowest breast and thigh weight were also related to RB diets (P<0.05), but the aforementioned treatments had no effect on the different intestine sections weight (P>0.05). In general, the inclusion of 3 to 6% insoluble fibers, except for 6% WS, in wheat-based diet improved growth performance in broiler chickens.
Adrizal O. and Ohtani S. (2002). Defatted rice bran non starch polysaccharides in broiler diets: effects of supplements on nutrient digestibilities. J. Poult. Sci. 39, 67-76.
Amerah A.M., Ravindran V. and Lentle R.G. (2009). Influence of insoluble fibre and whole wheat inclusion on the performance, digestive tract development and ileal microbiota profile of broiler chickens. Br. Poult. Sci. 50, 366-375.
AOAC. (2000). Official Methods of Analysis. Vol. I. 17th Ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Arlington, VA, USA.
Aviagen. (2014). Ross 308: Broiler Nutrition Specification. Aviagen Ltd., Newbridge, UK.
Englyst H.N., Quigley M.E. and Geoffrey J.H. (1994). Determination of dietary fibre as non starch polysaccharides with gas-liquid chromatographic, high performance liquid chromatographic or spectrophotometric measurement of constituent sugars. Analyst. 119, 1497-1509.
Ersin Samli H., Senkoylu N., Akyurek H. and Agma A. (2006). Using rice bran in laying hen diets. J. Center. Europ. Agric. 7, 135-140.
Gonzalez-Alvarado J.M., Jimenez-Moreno E., Lazaro R. and Mateos G.G. (2007). Effects of type of cereal, heat processing of the cereal, and inclusion of fiber in the diet onproductive performance and digestive traits of broilers. Poult. Sci. 86, 1705-1715.
Gonzalez-Alvarado J.M., Jimenez-Moreno E., Gonzalez-Sanchez D., Lazaro R. and Mateos G.G. (2010). Effect of inclusion of oat hulls and sugar beet pulp in the diet on productive performance and digestive traits of broilers from 1 to 42 d of age. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 162, 37-46.
Güçlü B., İşcan K.M., Uyanık F., Eren M. and Ağca A.C. (2004). Effect of alfalfa meal in diets of laying quails on performance, egg quality and some serum parameters. Arch. Anim. Nutr. 58, 255-263.
Hetland H., Svihus B. and Krögdahl A. (2003). Effects of oat hulls and wood shavings on digestion in broilers and layers fed diets based on whole or ground wheat. Br. Poult. Sci. 44, 275-282.
Hetland H., Choct M. and Svihus B. (2004). Role of insoluble non-starch polysaccharides in poultry nutrition. World. Poult. Sci. J. 60, 415-422.
Jiang J.F., Song X.M., Huang X., Zhou W.D., Wu J.L., Zhu Z.G., Zheng H.C. and Jiang Y.Q. (2012). Effects of alfalfa meal on growth performance gastrointestinal tract development of growing duck. Asia-Australas J. Anim. Sci. 25, 1445-1450.
Jiménez-Moreno E., Gonzalez-Alvarado J.M., de Coca Sinova A., Lazaro R. and Mateos G.G. (2009). Effects of source of fibre on the development and pH of the gastrointestinal tract of broilers. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 154, 93-101.
Jiménez-Moreno E., Gonzalez-Alvarado J.M., de Coca Sinova A., Lazaro R. and Mateos G.G. (2013). Oat hulls and sugar beet pulp in diets for broilers. Effects on the development of the gastrointestinal tract and on the structure of the jejunal mucosa. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 182, 44-52.
Ju Y.S. and Vali S.R. (2005). Rice bran oil as a potential resource for biodiesel: a review. J. Sci. Ind. Res. 64, 866-882.
Kalmendal R., Elwinger K., Holm L. and Tauson R. (2011). High fibre sunflower cake affects small intestinal digestion and health in broiler chickens. Br. Poult. Sci. 52, 86-96.
Mahammadi Ghasem Abadi M.H., Riahi M., Shivazad M., ZaliA. and Adibmoradi M. (2014). Efficacy of wheat based vs. corn based diets on growth performance, carcass traits, blood parameters, jejunum morphological development, immunity, cecal microflora and excreta moisture in broiler chicks. Iranian J. Appl. Anim. Sci. 4(1), 105-110.
Mansoub N.H. and Pooryousef Myandoab M. (2012). Effect of dietary inclusion of alfalfa (Medicago sativa) and black cumin (Nigella sativa) on performance and some blood metabolites of Japanese quail. Res. Open. Anim. Vet. Sci. 2(1), 7-9.
Mateos G.G., Jiménez-Moreno E., Serrano M.P. and Lázaro R.P. (2012). Poultry response to high levels of dietary fiber sources varying in physical and chemical characteristics. J. Appl. Poult. Res. 21, 156-174.
Molist F., Gomezde Segura A., Gasa J., Hermes R.G., Manzanill E.G., Anguit M. and Perez J.F. (2009). Effects of the insoluble and soluble dietary fibre on the physicochemical properties of digesta and the microbial activity in early weaned piglets. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 149, 346-353.
NRC. (1994). Nutrient Requirements of Poultry, 9th Rev. Ed. National Academy Press, Washington, DC., USA.
Oladunjoye I.O. and Ojebiyi O.O. (2010). Performance characteristics of broiler chicken (Gallus gallus) fed rice (Oriza sativa) bran with or without roxazyme. Int. J. Anim. Vet. Adv. 2(4), 135-140.
Rezaei M., Karimi Torshizi M.A. and Rouzbehan Y. (2011). The influence of different levels of micronized insoluble fiber on broiler performance and litter moisture. Poult. Sci. 90, 2008-2012.
Rogel A.M., Balnave D., Bryden W.L. and Annison E.F. (1987). Improvement of raw potato starch digestion in chicks by feeding oat hulls and other fibrous feedstuffs. AustralianJ. Agric. Res. 38, 629-637.
Sarikhan M., Shahryari H.A., Nazeradl K., Gholizadeh B. and Behesht B. (2009). Effects of insoluble fiber on serum biochemical characteristics in broiler. Int. J. Agric. Biol. 11, 73-76.
SAS Institute. (2003). SAS®/STAT Software, Release 9.2. SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, NC. USA.
Shakouri M.D., Kermanshahi H. and Mohsenzadeh M. (2006). Effect of different non starch polysaccharides in semi purified diets on performance and intestinal microflora of young broiler chickens. Int. J. Poult. Sci. 5(6), 557-561.
Shirzadegan K., Fallahpour P., Nickkhah I. and Taheri H.R. (2014). Black cumin (Nigella sativa) supplementation in the diets of broilers influences liver weight and its enzyms. Irania. J. Appl. Anim. Sci. 5(1), 173-178.
Sklan D., Smirnov A. and Plavnik I. (2003). The effect of dietary fibre on the small intestine and apparent digestion in the turkey. Br. Poult. Sci. 44, 735-740.
Svihus B., Juvik E., Hetland H. and Krogdahl A. (2004). Causes for improvement in nutritive value of broiler chicken diets with whole wheat instead of ground wheat. Br. Poult. Sci. 45, 55-60.
Taheri H.R., Tanha N. and Shahir M.H. (2016). Effects of wheat bran inclusion in barley-based diet on villus morphology of jejunum, serum cholesterol, abdominal fat and growth performance of broiler chickens. J. Livest. Sci. Technol. 4(1), 9-16.
Tkacova J., Angelovicova M., Mrazova L., Kliment M. and Kral M. (2011). Effect of different proportion of lucerne meal in broiler chickens. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol. 44, 141-144.
Wellock I.J., Fortomaris P.D., Houdijk J.G.M., Wiseman J. and Kyriazakis I. (2008). The consequences of non-starch polysaccharide solubility and inclusion level on the health and performance of weaned pigs challenged with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli. Br. J. Nutr. 99, 520-530.