محوربندی فضایی، سیر تجلی وحدت در کثرت در معماری خانه‌های سنتی شوشتر نمونه موردی: خانه امین زاده و خانه گازر
محورهای موضوعی : معماریعلیرضا تقی زاده 1 , ویدا تقوایی 2
1 - دانشجوی دکتری معماری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد اهواز، اهواز، ایران.
2 - دانشیار دانشکده فنی حرفه‌ای دکتر شریعتی، واحد تهران، تهران، ایران.
کلید واژه: وحدت در کثرت, اصل وحدت, محوربندی فضایی, خانه‌های سنتی شوشتر,
چکیده مقاله :
وحدت در هماهنگی و انسجام عالم کثرت به انحا مختلف در بناهای ارزشمند معماری ایرانی- اسلامی از جمله خانه های سنتی ایرانی بروز داشته که از ویژگی های بارز آن می توان، به اصل محوربندی فضایی اشاره کرد که به طرق مختلف در معماری خانه های سنتی شوشتر نمایان گردیده است. روش تحقیق این پژوهش ترکیبی است که با استفاده از رویکرد کیفی و با بکارگیری روش تحلیل محتوایی در برگیرنده بن مایه های نظری اسلامی همچون اصل وحدت ها است. در حوزه دوم، معماری خانه های شوشتر مطابق با مبانی نظری پژوهش بصورت یک جدول مورد تحلیل قرار داده است. نتایج نشان می دهد که تک لایه بودن بنا به عنوان عامل گرمایی، از خصوصیات بارز محور اصلی خانه های شوشتر بوده که سبب گشته ایوان شدادی به عنوان یک فضا با عملکردهای گوناگون ازجمله، اقلیمی، زیستی و ارتباطی در راستای محور اصلی خانه مطرح گردد.
One of the main trends of Iranian-Islamic architecture is unity in multiplicity that can be defined clearly in traditional houses in the particular relation between the part and the whole. In the Iranian-Islamic architecture, each element, form or space can be understood in isolation, or in combination as a concept. This is clearly reflected on the spatial organization of the Iranian houses as the principle of spatial orientation, which has been revealed in different ways in the architecture of the traditional houses in Shoushtar. The purpose of this research is to investigate the manifestation of unity in multiplicity in architecture that plays an effective role in creating the harmony between the fabric and meaning in the spatial organization of the houses in Shoushtar. This research has been conducted in two domains: the first covers the related topics of Islamic theoretical foundations such as the principle of unity, and the second includes the criteria and indices of spatial orientation in the spatial organization of the architecture of the houses in Shoushtar. The research has employed a mixed method with a qualitative approach which uses content analysis to systematically analyze texts and writings. In this way, library research has been used for collecting theoretical data. Accordingly, concepts such as the spatial orientation of the manifestation of unity principle have been analyzed as the theoretical basis of the research. In the second domain, the architecture of the houses in Shoushtar, including Aminzadeh House and Gazor House has been explained and analyzed in a table according to the theoretical foundations of the research, such as the spatial orientation. The results show that the single layer structure of the houses as the thermal element has been one of the main features of the main axis of the houses in Shoushtar, which has led to the presentation of a Shadadi Iwan as a space with various climatic, biological and communicational functions along the main axis of the house. Therefore, it is suggested that the future studies consider the central spatial system in the spatial organization of the traditional houses and the effect of light on the formation of open, semi-open and closed spaces around the main axis of the houses and its role in the way of space arrangement in the spatial organization of the modern houses so that the criteria derived from these studies would affect the development of the rules and guidelines for the design of house architecture in Shoushtar.
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