بررسی عملکرد و کیفیت پساب خروجی تصفیه‌خانه فاضلاب شهر بیرجند جهت مصارف کشاورزی

محورهای موضوعی : آلودگی محیط زیست (آب و فاضلاب)

محمد حسین فتح آبادی ¹ , محمدحسین احمدی شادمهری ² , سید مسعود فیض ³ , سیدعلی بنی هاشمی ⁴

1 - کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت اجرایی، مشاور معاونت فنی و حسابرسی امور اقتصادی و زیربنایی دیوان محاسبات کشور
2 - کارشناسی ارشد حسابداری، مدیرگروه دوم هیئت حسابرسی، دیوان محاسبات خراسان رضوی
3 - کارشناسی ارشد حسابداری، حسابرس گروه چهارم هیئت حسابرسی، دیوان محاسبات خراسان رضوی
4 - استادیار، گروه مهندسی صنایع، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1399/10/02 تاریخ پذیرش : 1401/07/19 تاریخ انتشار : 1401/07/01

کلید واژه: کلیفرم گوارشی, تصفیه‌خانه فاضلاب, اکسیژن ‌خواهی شیمیایی, جامدات معلق, کیفیت پساب خروجی,

چکیده مقاله :

زمینه و هدف: امروزه اساسی ترین اقدام در جهت کنترل آلودگی های ناشی از فاضلاب ها و استفاده مجدد آن ها، احداث تصفیه خانه فاضلاب و نظارت دقیق بر عملکرد آن ها می باشد. تخلیه پساب های غیراستاندارد و استفاده از آن ها در کشاورزی و یا تخلیه آب های سطحی، مخاطرات بهداشتی و زیست محیطی زیادی را به دنبال خواهد داشت. از این رو، مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی عملکرد زیست محیطی و کیفیت تصفیه خانه فاضلاب شهر بیرجند جهت مصارف کشاورزی انجام شده است. روش بررسی: این مطالعه در سال 1399 به روش بررسی مقطعی طی سال های 1396 تا 1398 بر روی تصفیه خانه فاضلاب شهر بیرجند انجام گرفته است. یافته ها: یافته ها نشان داد که شاخص COD با میانگین 225 بیشترین عدم تطبیق با استاندارد را در سال 1396 دارا بوده است. شاخص TSS با میانگین 153 در جایگاه دوم، کلیفرم کل با میانگین 1300 در جایگاه سوم و کلیفرم گوارشی با میانگین 5/502 نیز در جایگاه چهارم قرار گرفته اند. این شاخص ها در سال 1398 در وضعیت استاندارد و مطلوب قرار گرفته است. نتایج: مقایسه نتایج مطالعه فعلی با استانداردهای فاضلاب خروجی نشان داد که استفاده از پساب این تصفیه خانه جهت مصارف کشاورزی به دلیل مطابقت با استانداردهای خروجی فاضلاب توصیه می شود. این روند در طی سال های 1396 تا 1398 وضعیت مطلوبی را نشان داده است.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Basis and Goal: Today, the most basic action to control pollution from wastewater and their reuse is the construction of a wastewater treatment plant and strict monitoring of their operation. Disposal of non-standard effluents and their use in agriculture or surface water discharge will lead to many health and environmental risks. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of auditing the environmental performance and quality of Birjand wastewater treatment plant for agricultural use. Method of Studing: This study was conducted in 1399 using a cross-sectional study method from 1396 to 1398 on the wastewater treatment plant of Birjand. Finding: The findings showed that the COD index with an average of 225 had the highest non-compliance with the standard in 1396. TSS index with an average of 153 is in the second place, total coliform with an average of 1300 in the third place and gastrointestinal coliform with an average of 502.5 are in the fourth place. In 1398, these indicators are in a standard and optimal condition. Results: Comparison of the results of the current study with the effluent standards showed that the use of the effluent of this treatment plant for agricultural purposes is recommended due to compliance with the effluent standards. This trend has shown a favorable situation during the years 1396 to 1398.

منابع و مأخذ:

 

 

• Waring, C. G., & Morgan, S. L. (2007). Public sector performance auditing in developing countries. Public Sector Governance and Accountability Series: Performance Accountability and Combating Corruption. Washington, DC, USA: The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/ The World Bank.


• Kamyabi, Y., Malekian, E., & Khanlari, M. (2017). Explanation of performance audit components in Iran's public sector with an emphasis on environmental and social performance, Journal of Audit Science, 18(71), 57-77. (In Persian)


• Rahmani Fazli, A., & Sadeghi, M. (2011). Environmental study of the Caspian Lake and its improvement solutions with an environmental audit approach, International Conference on Environmental Crises and its Improvement Solutions, Kish Island, Iran. (In Persian)


• Sajjadi, S. H., & Jalili, A. (2007). Environmental accounting, Accountant Magazine, 22(186), 19-29. (In Persian)


• Salewski, M., & Zülch, H. (2014). The Association between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and earnings quality–evidence from European blue chips. HHL Working Paper Series No. 112. Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2141768.


• Nemati, M., & Rashidi, Gh. (2019). Investigating the effect of non-financial performance components on environmental audit with Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) approach, Divan Scientific Journal, 3(21), 68-87. (In Persian)


• Malkutian, M., Barikbin, B., & Nabavian, M. R. (2015). Investigating the effect of sulfate concentration on the efficiency of anaerobic stabilization pond: a case study of Birjand wastewater treatment plant, Journal of Birjand University of Medical Sciences, 23(2), 110-118. (In Persian)


• Shokohi, Reza. (2008). Urban and Industrial Wastewater Treatment, Tehran: Fan-Avaran Publications. (In Persian)


• Kakavandi, B., Junidi Jafari, A., Ghasemi, A., & Qolizadeh, A. (2011). A comparative study of the effluent quality of the wastewater treatment plants of Saheb Qaranieh, Ekbatan and south of Tehran, Journal of Health System Research, 8(4), 714-706. (In Persian)


• Rouhani-Shahraki, F., Mahdavi, R., & Rezaei, M. (2005). The effect of irrigation with wastewater on some physical and chemical properties of soil, Journal of Water & Wastewater, 16(53), 23-29. (In Persian)


• Tchobanoglous, G., Burton, F. L., & Stensel, H. (2003). Wastewater Engineering: Treatment and Reuse. 4th edn, New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.


• Amann, R., Lemmer, H., & Wagner, M. (1998). Monitoring the community structure of wastewater treatment plants: a comparison of old and new techniques. FEMS Microbiology Ecology, 25(3), 205-215.


• Cirja, M., Ivashechkin, P., Schäffer, A., & Corvini, P. F. (2008). Factors affecting the removal of organic micropollutants from wastewater in conventional treatment plants (CTP) and membrane bioreactors (MBR). Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology, 7(1), 61-78.


• Salvato, J. A., Nemerow, N. L., & Agardy, F. J. (2003). Environmental engineering. John Wiley & Sons.


• Hernández-Sancho, F., Lamizana-Diallo, B., Mateo-Sagasta, J., & Qadir, M. (2015). Economic valuation of wastewater: the cost of action and the cost of no action. United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP).


• Emamjomeh, M., Mozaffari Siboni, A., Seyedmousavi, S. E., & Tari K. (2016). Comparing quality of the wastewater treatment plant effluent in Lia industrial zone (Qazvin) with Iranian environmental protection standards. Journal of Inflammatory Diseases, 20(5), 60-66. (In Persian)


• Bagheri Ardebilian, P., Sadeghi, H., Nabaii, A., & Bagheri Ardebilian, M. (2010). Assessment of Wastewater Treatment Plant Efficiency: a Case Study in Zanjan. Journal of Health, 1(3), 67-75. (In Persian)


• Zafarzadeh, A., Rezaei, E., Aghahosseini, F., & Charamsaz, S. (2011). Investigating the efficiency of the sewage treatment plant of Aqqla Industrial Town in removing nitrogen, phosphorus and chemically required oxygen compounds (COD) and comparing it with the output standard of the country, Journal of Health System Research, 8(7), 1197-1205. (In Persian)


• Taheriyoun, M., Alavi, V., Ahmadi, A. (2016). Risk Analysis of Wastewater Reuse in Agriculture Using Baysian Network. Amirkabir Journal of Civil Engineering, 48(1), 101-109. (In Persian)


• Dindarlou, A., & Dastourani, M. (2018). Investigation of the Efficiency of Sewage Treatment using Activated Sludge Method to Supply Water for Reuse in Agricultural Irrigation (Case Study: Kermanshah Sewage Treatment Plant). Journal of Water and Sustainable Development, 4(2), 31-40. (In Persian)


• Mohammadi, M., Salmasi, M., & Yusuf-Nejad, A. (2019). Destructive environmental effects of releasing untreated wastewater in Iran. Divan Scientific Journal, 3(21), 59-67. (In Persian)


• Morgan Torghabe, M. S., Khashaveh Siouki, A., Shahidi, A., Yaghoubzadeh, M. (2019). Study of irrigation effect wastewater on soil salinity by using satellite image (case study: Birjand treatment). Application of Geography information system and remote sensing in planning, 10(2), 19-34. (In Persian)

 

5. References

 

• Waring, C. G., & Morgan, S. L. (2007). Public sector performance auditing in developing countries. Public Sector Governance and Accountability Series: Performance Accountability and Combating Corruption. Washington, DC, USA: The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/ The World Bank.


• Kamyabi, Y., Malekian, E., & Khanlari, M. (2017). Explanation of performance audit components in Iran's public sector with an emphasis on environmental and social performance, Journal of Audit Science, 18(71), 57-77. (In Persian)


• Rahmani Fazli, A., & Sadeghi, M. (2011). Environmental study of the Caspian Lake and its improvement solutions with an environmental audit approach, International Conference on Environmental Crises and its Improvement Solutions, Kish Island, Iran. (In Persian)


• Sajjadi, S. H., & Jalili, A. (2007). Environmental accounting, Accountant Magazine, 22(186), 19-29. (In Persian)


• Salewski, M., & Zülch, H. (2014). The Association between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and earnings quality–evidence from European blue chips. HHL Working Paper Series No. 112. Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2141768.


• Nemati, M., & Rashidi, Gh. (2019). Investigating the effect of non-financial performance components on environmental audit with Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) approach, Divan Scientific Journal, 3(21), 68-87. (In Persian)


• Malkutian, M., Barikbin, B., & Nabavian, M. R. (2015). Investigating the effect of sulfate concentration on the efficiency of anaerobic stabilization pond: a case study of Birjand wastewater treatment plant, Journal of Birjand University of Medical Sciences, 23(2), 110-118. (In Persian)


• Shokohi, Reza. (2008). Urban and Industrial Wastewater Treatment, Tehran: Fan-Avaran Publications. (In Persian)


• Kakavandi, B., Junidi Jafari, A., Ghasemi, A., & Qolizadeh, A. (2011). A comparative study of the effluent quality of the wastewater treatment plants of Saheb Qaranieh, Ekbatan and south of Tehran, Journal of Health System Research, 8(4), 714-706. (In Persian)


• Rouhani-Shahraki, F., Mahdavi, R., & Rezaei, M. (2005). The effect of irrigation with wastewater on some physical and chemical properties of soil, Journal of Water & Wastewater, 16(53), 23-29. (In Persian)


• Tchobanoglous, G., Burton, F. L., & Stensel, H. (2003). Wastewater Engineering: Treatment and Reuse. 4th edn, New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.


• Amann, R., Lemmer, H., & Wagner, M. (1998). Monitoring the community structure of wastewater treatment plants: a comparison of old and new techniques. FEMS Microbiology Ecology, 25(3), 205-215.


• Cirja, M., Ivashechkin, P., Schäffer, A., & Corvini, P. F. (2008). Factors affecting the removal of organic micropollutants from wastewater in conventional treatment plants (CTP) and membrane bioreactors (MBR). Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology, 7(1), 61-78.


• Salvato, J. A., Nemerow, N. L., & Agardy, F. J. (2003). Environmental engineering. John Wiley & Sons.


• Hernández-Sancho, F., Lamizana-Diallo, B., Mateo-Sagasta, J., & Qadir, M. (2015). Economic valuation of wastewater: the cost of action and the cost of no action. United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP).


• Emamjomeh, M., Mozaffari Siboni, A., Seyedmousavi, S. E., & Tari K. (2016). Comparing quality of the wastewater treatment plant effluent in Lia industrial zone (Qazvin) with Iranian environmental protection standards. Journal of Inflammatory Diseases, 20(5), 60-66. (In Persian)


• Bagheri Ardebilian, P., Sadeghi, H., Nabaii, A., & Bagheri Ardebilian, M. (2010). Assessment of Wastewater Treatment Plant Efficiency: a Case Study in Zanjan. Journal of Health, 1(3), 67-75. (In Persian)


• Zafarzadeh, A., Rezaei, E., Aghahosseini, F., & Charamsaz, S. (2011). Investigating the efficiency of the sewage treatment plant of Aqqla Industrial Town in removing nitrogen, phosphorus and chemically required oxygen compounds (COD) and comparing it with the output standard of the country, Journal of Health System Research, 8(7), 1197-1205. (In Persian)


• Taheriyoun, M., Alavi, V., Ahmadi, A. (2016). Risk Analysis of Wastewater Reuse in Agriculture Using Baysian Network. Amirkabir Journal of Civil Engineering, 48(1), 101-109. (In Persian)


• Dindarlou, A., & Dastourani, M. (2018). Investigation of the Efficiency of Sewage Treatment using Activated Sludge Method to Supply Water for Reuse in Agricultural Irrigation (Case Study: Kermanshah Sewage Treatment Plant). Journal of Water and Sustainable Development, 4(2), 31-40. (In Persian)


• Mohammadi, M., Salmasi, M., & Yusuf-Nejad, A. (2019). Destructive environmental effects of releasing untreated wastewater in Iran. Divan Scientific Journal, 3(21), 59-67. (In Persian)


• Morgan Torghabe, M. S., Khashaveh Siouki, A., Shahidi, A., Yaghoubzadeh, M. (2019). Study of irrigation effect wastewater on soil salinity by using satellite image (case study: Birjand treatment). Application of Geography information system and remote sensing in planning, 10(2), 19-34. (In Persian)