وردش های فضایی- زمانی روزهای برف‌پوشان در پهنه شمال غرب ایران با استفاده از داده های دورسنجی
محورهای موضوعی : منابع طبیعی و مدیریت زیست محیطی
عباس کاشانی
1
,
برومند صلاحی
2
,
امیرحسین حلبیان
3
,
بتول زینالی
4
1 - گروه جغرافیای طبیعی، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
2 - گروه جغرافیای طبیعی، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
3 - گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران
4 - دانشیار گروه جغرافیای طبیعی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی ، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی ، اردبیل، ایران
کلید واژه: روزهای برف‌پوشان, سطوح برف‌پوشان, ارتفاع, سنجنده مادیس, شمال غرب ایران,
چکیده مقاله :
در این پژوهش وردش‌های فضایی – زمانی روزهای برف‌پوشان (SCDs) در این منطقه با استفاده از داده‌های نسخه ششم سنجنده مادیس تررا و مادیس آکوا به‌صورت روزانه در بازه زمانی 2020-2003 واکاوی شد. به‌منظور کاهش اثر ابرناکی سه الگوریتم بر روی داده‌ها اعمال شد. برای الگوی رقومی ارتفاع، از مدل رقومی سطحی (DSM) سازمان اکتشافات فضایی ژاپن استفاده شد. ارتباط بین دو مؤلفه فنولوژیک برف-پوش (SCAs و SCDs) و پیوند شمار SCDs با مؤلفه توپوگرافیکی ارتفاع مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. یافته‌ها نشان از افزایش SCDs در ماه‌های نوامبر، دسامبر و ژانویه دارد. بیشینه SCDs در ژانویه مربوط به توده کوهستانی سبلان و سپس سهند می‌باشد. کاهش SCDs در ماه‌های بهاره و تابستانه نیز متأثر از دو عامل عرض جغرافیایی و ارتفاع می‌باشد. بیشینه مطلق SCDs در این منطقه با 160 روز در سال در بلندی‌های سبلان مشاهده می‌شود. بررسی تغییرات روزهای برف‌پوشان در ماه‌های مارس و آوریل نشان از کاهش SCDs در طبقات ارتفاعی بلند دارد. درعین‌حال، الگوی افزایشی SCDs در نوامبر و دسامبر را در بسیاری از کمربندهای ارتفاعی نشان می‌دهد. واکاوی ارتباط SCAs و SCDs در ماه‌های مختلف مشخص کرد که در پهنه‌های دارای SCDs بیشتر (ارتفاعات) به سبب کاهش سطوح توپوگرافی، از SCAs کاسته شده است. ارتباط وردش‌های SCDs با ارتفاع نیز نشان داد که کمینه SCDs در تمامی باندهای ارتفاعی (حتی ارتفاعات بالای 3500 متر با 4 روز) در اوت و بیشینه آن در دسامبر با 22 روز در ارتفاع 3500 متر روی داده است. SCDs با افزایش ارتفاع در مناطق کوهستانی 3500 تا 4000 متری، به دلیل افزایش شیب زمین و ناپایداری SC بر روی سطوح پرشیب کاهش می‌یابد.
In this research, the spatiotemporal variations of snow-covered days (SCDs) in this region were analyzed using the data of the sixth version of MODIS Terra and MODIS Aqua sensors on a daily basis in the period of 2003-2020. In order to reduce the cloud cover effect, three algorithms were applied to the data. For the digital elevation model, the Digital Surface Model (DSM) of the Japan Space Exploration Agency was used. The relation between two snow-cover phenological components (SCAs and SCDs) and the relation between the SCDs and the altitude were investigated. The findings show an increase in SCDs in the months of November, December, and January. Maximum SCDs are observed in January in Sabalan Mountain and then Sahand. The reduction of SCDs in the spring and summer months is also affected by the two factors of latitude and altitude. The absolute maximum of SCDs in this region is observed at 160 days/ year in the mountain of Sabalan. Examining the changes in SCDs in March and April shows a decrease in SCDs in high-altitude classes. At the same time, it shows the increasing pattern of SCDs in November and December at many altitude levels. Analysis of the relation between SCA and SCDs in different months illustrated that SCAs has decreased in regions with more SCDs (heights) due to the reduction of topographic areas. The relation of SCDs and altitude also showed that the minimum of SCDs occurred in all altitude levels (even altitudes above 3500 m with 4 days) in August and the maximum occurred in December with 22 days at the altitude of 3500 m. SCDs decrease with increasing altitude in mountainous areas of 3500 to 4000 m, due to the increase of land slope and instability of SC in steep areas.
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