بلایای ‌طبیعی، نوآوری زیست‌محیطی و تولید سرانه در ایران

محورهای موضوعی : اقتصاد کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی

وحید عزیزی ¹ , بختیار جواهری ² , فاتح حبیبی ³

1 - کارشناس‌ارشد اقتصاد ‌نظری، گروه علوم اقتصادی، دانشکده علوم انسانی و اجتماعی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران، [e-mail]
2 - دانشیار، گروه علوم اقتصادی، دانشکده علوم انسانی و اجتماعی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران (نویسنده مسئول)، [e-mail]
3 - دانشیار، گروه علوم اقتصادی، دانشکده علوم انسانی و اجتماعی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران، [e-mail]

تاریخ دریافت : 1403/07/01 تاریخ پذیرش : 1403/08/22 تاریخ انتشار : 1403/08/29

کلید واژه: تولید سرانه, نوآوری زیست‌محیطی, بلایای طبیعی, ایران ,

چکیده مقاله :

بلایای طبیعی، رخدادهای تصادفی و ناگهانی هستند که با اختلال در عوامل تولید، مصرف و اشتغال، عملکرد سیستم اقتصادی مناطق متأثر را مختل کرده و آثار منفی فوری بر تولید ملی، رشد و توسعه اقتصادی جوامع بر جای می‌گذارند. در این زمینه، نوآوری‌های زیست‌محیطی به‌عنوان راهکاری مؤثر برای کاهش خسارات ناشی از بلایای‌ طبیعی و افزایش تاب‌آوری جوامع مطرح می‌شوند. این نوآوری‌ها می‌توانند به بهبود مدیریت منابع طبیعی، کاهش خطرات ناشی از بلایا و ارتقاء کیفیت زندگی کمک کنند. بنابراین، هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی نقش نوآوری زیست ‌محیطی در رابطه بین بلایای طبیعی و تولید سرانه در ایران است. بدین‌منظور، از رویکرد حداقل مربعات معمولی پویا طی دوره زمانی 1359 تا 1401 استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که نوآوری زیست‌محیطی اثر مثبتی بر تولید سرانه دارد؛ در حالی که بلایای طبیعی و متغیر تعامل بین بلایای طبیعی و نوآوری زیست محیطی اثر منفی بر تولید سرانه در ایران دارند. همچنین، یافته‌ها حاکی از آن است که نوآوری می‌تواند شدت اثر بلایا بر تولید سرانه را کاهش دهد. سایر نتایج نیز نشان می‌دهند که تحریم‌های اقتصادی اثری منفی و عواملی مانند نیروی کار، سرمایه فیزیکی و آزادسازی تجاری اثری مثبت بر تولید سرانه دارند. بر اساس یافته‌ها، توصیه می‌شود که علاوه بر تدوین و اجرای راهبردهای مقابله با حوادث طبیعی، توجه ویژه‌ای به توسعه و ترویج فناوری‌های مرتبط با محیط‌زیست نیز صورت گیرد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Natural disasters are random events that disrupt the functioning of the economic system of the affected regions by disrupting production, consumption, and employment factors, and leave immediate negative effects on national production. In this context, Eco-innovation is proposed as an effective solution to reduce losses from natural disasters and increase the resilience of societies. These innovations can reduce disaster risks, and improve the quality of life. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to investigate the role of Eco-innovation in the relationship between natural disasters and GDP per capita in Iran. For this purpose, Dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS) estimation approach was used to investigate the period from 1980 to 2022. The results showed that Eco-innovation has a positive effect on GDP per capita. While natural disasters and the interaction variable (disasters and innovation) have a negative effect on GDP per capitain Iran. Also, the findings indicate that innovation can reduce the severity of the impact of disasters on GDP per capita. Other results also show that economic sanctions have a negative effect and factors such as labor, physical capital, and trade liberalization have a positive effect on GDP per capita.

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