پتانسیل خطر غذایی فلزات سنگین در ماهیان سواحل شمالی خلیج فارس و دریای عمان: مرور سیستماتیک و متاآنالیز
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه زیست شناسی جانوریمحمد حسین سینکاکرمی 1 , نوشین گشمردی 2
1 - گروه علوم محیط زیست، دانشکده علوم دریایی و محیطی، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران
2 - گروه آموزش زیست شناسی، دانشگاه فرهنگیان، صندوق پستی 889-14665 تهران، ایران
کلید واژه: خلیج فارس, دریای عمان, ماهی, فلزات سنگین, خطر غذایی,
چکیده مقاله :
خلیج فارس و دریای عمان محل زیست گونههای مختلفی از آبزیان بهویژه ماهیان میباشند. فلزات سنگین بهعنوان مهمترین آلایندههای این اکوسیستمهای آبی محسوب میشوند که میتوانند عوامل مهم تهدیدکننده سلامت مصرفکنندگان باشند. هدف این پژوهش، مرور نظاممند مطالعاتی است که به تعیین غلظت فلزات سنگین در بافت عضله برخی از ماهیان این آبها از تاریخ 1384 تا 1397 پرداختهاند. این پژوهش متاآنالیز روی بافت عضله 1182 قطعه از ماهیان حلواسفید، شوریده، زمینکن، سرخو، سنگسر، شبهشوریده، شیر، قباد و هامور صید شده از خلیج فارس و دریای عمان بهمنظور بررسی میزان این فلزات انجام گرفت. میزان مجازمصرف، خطر مصرف غذایی و مقایسه با استانداردها بررسی شد. میزان شاخصهایTHQ و HI در همهی گونههای ماهیان مورد مطالعه برای بالغین کمتر از یک، اما برای کودکان فقط در ماهی شیر در شاخص HI بالاتر از یک بهدست آمد. میزان فلزات جیوه، روی و سرب در تمامی ماهیها، کادمیوم در سرخو و سنگسر و نیکل در سنگسر، قباد و هامور از تمامی استانداردها پایینتر بود. میزان جذب روزانه و هفتگی برای تمامی فلزات مورد مطالعه در اثر مصرف ماهیان مورد بررسی پایینتر از میزان مجاز کمیته JECFA بهدست آمد. همچنین کمترین میزان وعدههای مجاز مصرف از نظر فلزات مورد مطالعه مربوط به ماهیهای شیر؛ فلز جیوه، شبهشوریده؛ فلز سرب و زمینکن؛ سایر فلزات بود. بهنظر ميرسد مصرف زیاد ماهی زمینکن از نظر فلزات مورد بررسی احتمالا می‌تواند با خطراتی بهویژه برای کودکان بههمراه باشد. از اینرو حفاظت از محیط زیست که در ایجاد مشکلات بهداشت تغذیه تاثیرگذار است، یک ضرورت تلقی میگردد.
چکیده انگلیسی:
The Persian Gulf and the Oman Sea are habitats for a variety of aquatic species, especially fish. Heavy metals are crucial pollutants in aquatic ecosystems and can be among the major factors influencing the health of consumers. The purpose of this essay is to conduct a systematic review of studies that have assessed the concentration of heavy metals in the muscle tissue of certain fish species in these waters, spanning from the year 2006 to 2018. This meta-analysis study was performed on 1182 muscle tissues of Pampus argenteus, Platycephalus indicus, Lutjanus johnii, javelin grunter, Johnius belangerii, Otolithes ruber, Scomberomorus commerson, Scomberomorus guttatus, Epinephelus coioides, caught from the Persian Gulf and the Oman Sea, in order to investigate the amount of these metals. Also, the safety of food intake and the comparison with the standards were investigated. The THQ and HI indices were found to be less than 1 in the all species of fish for adults, but for children only in Scomberomorus commerson in HI index is more than one. The amount of mercury, zinc and lead in the all pecies of fish, cadmium in Lutjanus johnii and javelin grunter and nickel in Scomberomorus guttatus and Epinephelus coioides were lower than all standards. The daily and weekly absorption rates for all studied metals were lower than the authorized JECFA Committee due to fish consumption. Also, the lowest amount of allowance for studied metals was found mercury in Scomberomorus commerson, lead in Johnius belangerii and cadmium in Platycephalus indicus. It seems that high use of the Platycephalus indicus in terms of the studied metals has led to health risks in children. Therefore, environmental protection, which it has been influential in creating nutritional health problems, is considered a necessity.
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