بررسی اثر آلفاپینن بر میزان قند خون و فاکتورهای لیپیدی در موش صحرایی دیابتی

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه زیست شناسی جانوری

مریم رفیعی راد ¹ (گروه زیست‌شناسی، واحد ایذه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ایذه، ایران.)
عبدالحسن دولاح ² (گروه زیست شناسی، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران)
سمیرا گودرزی ³ (گروه زیست شناسی، واحد ایذه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ایذه، ایران.)

تاریخ دریافت : 1399/07/08 تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/08/02 تاریخ انتشار : 1401/03/01

کلید واژه: گلوکز, موش صحرایی, پروفایل لیپیدی, دیابت, آلفاپینن,

چکیده مقاله :

بیماری دیابت اختلال در سوخت و ساز قندها، چربی‌ها و پروتئین‌های بدن می‌باشد که منجر به هیپرگلیسمی و هیپرلیپیدمی می‌شود. هدف از مطالعه حاضر بررسی اثر آلفاپینن بر میزان گلوکز و چربی خون در موش‌های صحرایی دیابتی نر می‌باشد. 40 سر موش صحرایی نر نژاد ویستار به پنج گروه هشت تایی تقسیم شدند: گروه کنترل، گروه دیابتی، گروه دیابتی شاهد (دریافت کننده توئین (80 درصد حلال آلفاپینن) و گروه‌های تجربی که علاوه بر دیابتی شدن به ترتیب روزانه مقادیر100 و 200 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم آلفاپینن را به صورت خوراکی و به مدت 14 روز دریافت کردند. در پایان، از همه گروه‌ها نمونه خونی تهیه و میزان گلوکز و چربی‌های خون آنها اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج با استفاده از آزمون آنالیز واریانس و نرم افزار SPSS 21مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. میزان گلوکز، تری گلیسرید (TG)و کلسترول تام و لیپوپروتئین با چگالی بسیارکم (VLDL) و لیپوپروتئین با چگالی کم (LDL) در گروه‌های دریافت کننده دوزهای 100 و 200 میلی گرم بر کیلوگرم آلفاپینن نسبت به گروه دیابتی کاهش معنی‌داری را نشان داد. لیپوپروتئین باچگالی بالا (HDL) در گروه‌های دریافت کننده دوزهای مختلف آلفاپینن نسبت به گروه دیابتی افزایش معنی‌داری را نشان داد. این نتایج نشان می‌دهند که آلفاپینن می‌تواند در درمان دیابت موثر باشد. تأثیر این ماده موثره احتمالاً به دلیل وجود خواص آنتی اکسیدانی آن است.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Diabetes mellitus refers to a disorder in the metabolism of sugars, fats, and proteins in the body, leading to hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia. The present study was aimed at evaluating the effect of alpha-pinene on blood glucose and lipid levels in male diabetic rats. Forty male rats were divided into five groups of eight: control group, diabetic group, diabetic control group (receiving tween (80% alpha-solvent)) and experimental groups that in addition to becoming diabetic, the doses of 100 and 200 (mg/kg) of alpha-pinene were administered orally and daily for 14 days, respectively. Finally, blood samples were taken from all groups and their glucose and blood lipids were measured. The results were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and SPSS21 software. The levels of glucose, triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) in the groups receiving doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg of alpha-pinene showed a significant decrease compared to the diabetic group. High density lipoprotein (HDL) in the groups receiving different doses of alpha-pinene showed a significant increase compared to the diabetic group. These results indicate that alpha-pinene can be effective in the treatment of diabetes. The effect of this active ingredient is probably due to its antioxidant properties.

منابع و مأخذ:

1. Areias F.M., Valentao P., Andrade P.B., Ferreres F., Seabra R.M. 2001. Phenolic fingerprint of peppermint leaves. Food Chemistry, 73(3): 307-311.


2. Chen J.W., Zhu Z.Q., Hu T.X., Zhu D.Y. 2002. Structure activity relationship of natural flavonoids in hydroxyl radicalscavenging effects. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B, 23(7): 667-672.


3. Diwan H., Abdel-Hassan I.A, Mohammed S.T. 2000. Effect of saponin on mortality and istopathological changes in mice. Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, 6(2-3): 345-351.


4. Feingold K.R., Grunfeld C., Pang M., Doerrler W.1992. LDL subclass phenotypes and triglyceride metabolism in non-insulin-dependent diabetes. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, 12(12): 1496-1502.

5. Goudarzi S., Rafieirad M. 2017. Evaluating the effect of α-pinene on motor activity, avoidance memory and lipid peroxidation in animal model of Parkinson disease in adult male rats. Research Journal of Pharmacognosy, 4(2): 53-63.

6. Guariguata L., Whiting D., Hambleton I., Beagley J., Linnenkamp U., Shaw J. 2014. Global estimates of diabetes prevalence for 2013 and projections for 2035. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice,103(2):137-49.

7. Hanefi O. 2017. Anti-inflammatory and Hypoglycemic Activities of Alpha-pinene. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B, 55(4): 7-14.

8. Jakus V. 2000. The role of free radicals, oxidative stress and antioxidant systems in diabetic vascular disease. Bratisl Lek Listy, 101(10): 541-551.


9. Jorns A., Tiedge M., Lenzen S. 1999. Effect of superoxide dis mutase, catalase, chelating agents, and free radical scave ngers on the toxicity of alloxan to isolated pancreatic islet in vitro. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 26: 1300-1304.


10. Kanavy H.E., Gerstenblith M.R. 2011. Ultraviolet radiation and melanoma, in: Seminars in Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery. Frontline Medical Community, 30; 222–228.


11. Kang E., Lee H.D., Jung Y.J., Shin S.Y., Koh D., Lee Y.H. 2016. α-Pinene inhibits tumor invasion through downregulation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB-regulated matrix metalloproteinase-9 gene expression in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. Applied Biology and Chemistry, 59: 511–516.


12. Kalaiarasi P., Kaviarasan K., Pugalendi K.V. 2009. Hypolipidemic activity of 18beta-glycyrrhetinic acid on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. European Journal of Pharmacology, 612: 93-7.


13. Law M.R. 1999. Lowering heart disease risk with cholesterol reduction: evidence from observational studies and clinical trials. European Heart Journal Supplements, 1(20): S3-S8.


14. Lim S.S., Jung Y.J., Hyun S.K., Lee Y.S., Choi J.S. 2006. Rat lens aldose reductase inhibitory constituents of Nelumbo nucifera stamens. Phytotherapy Research, 20: 825-830.


15. Maritim A.C., Sanders R.A., Watkins Iii J.B. 2003. Diabetes oxidative stress, and antioxidants: a review. Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology, 17(1):24-38.


16. Musavi Ezmareh F., Mazani M., Heidarian E., Panah Moghadam R., Rafieian M., Ebrahimi M. 2015. Effect of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Chevil (Ferulago angulata) on Glucose and Lipid in Diabetic Male Rats. Iranian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 17(3): 230-237. [in Persian]


17. Miguel M.G. 2010. Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Essential Oils: A Short Review. Molecules, 15(12): 9252–9287.


18. Miller C.J., Dunn E.V., Hashim I.B. 2002. Glycemic index of 3 varieties of dates. Saudi Medical Journal, 23(5): 536-538.


19. Norouzi F., Doulah A., Rafieirad M. 2020. Effects of Four Week Consumption of Lemon (Citrus limon L.) Essential Oil with Swimming Training on Lipid Profile and Lipid Peroxidation in Adult Male Mice. Iranian Journal of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, 14(4):1-8. [in Persian]

20. Rafieian-Kopaei M., Shahinfard N., Rouhi-Boroujeni H., Gharipour M., Darvishzadeh-Boroujeni P. 2014. Effects of Fe rulago angulata extract on serum lipids and lipid per oxidation. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2014: 680856.

21. Rafieirad M., Eydipour Z., Alami Rostami S. 2018. Effects of antidepressants Hydro-alcoholic extract of Chevilan (Ferulago angulate) in model of ischemia/ hypoperfusion in adult male rats. Nova Biologica Reperta (NBR), 5(2): 137-143. [in Persian] link

22. Rahimi R., Nikfar S.h., Larijani B., Abdollahi M. 2005. A review on the role of antioxidants in the management of diabetes and its complications. Biomedical Pharmacotherapy, 59(7): 365-373.


23. Ritarwan K., Lelo A., Pane Y.S., Nerdy N. 2018. Increasing Atherosclerosis in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes into Four Groups of Mice. Open access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 6(2): 287-92.


24. Salehi B., Upadhyay S., Erdogan Orhan, I., Kumar Jugran A., L.D. Jayaweera S., A. Dias,D., Sharopov F., Taheri Y., Martins N., Baghalpour N., C. Cho W., Sharifi-Rad J. 2019. Therapeutic Potential of α- and β-Pinene: A Miracle Gift of Nature. Biomolecules, 9(11): 738.


25. Sarria S., Wong B., Martín H.G., Keasling J.D., Peralta-Yahya P. 2014. Microbial synthesis of pinene. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 3: 466-475.


26. Shapiro K., Gong W.C. 2002. Natural products used for diabetes. Journal of American Pharmacy Assocociation, 42: 217-226.


27. Sharma S., Kulkarni S K., Chopra K. 2006. Curcumin, the active principle of turmeric (curcuma longa), ameliorates diabetic nephropathy in rats. Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology, 33(10):940-945.

28. Shi F., Zhao Y., Firempong C.K., Xu X. 2016. Preparation, characterization and pharmacokinetic studies of linalool-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers. Pharm. Biol, 54: 2320–2328.

29. Shirzad H., Shahrani M., Rafieian-Kopaei M. 2009. Compa rison of morphine and tramadol effects on phagocytic activity of mice peritoneal phagocytes in vivo. International Immunopharmacology, 9: 968-970.


30. Steinberger J., Moorehead C., Katch V., Rocchini A.P. 1995. Relationship between insulin resistance and abnormal lipid profile in obese adolescents. Journal of Pediatrics, l


31. Suji G., Sivakami S. 2003. Approaches to the treatement of diabetes mellitus: an overview. Cell and Molecular Biology, 49: 635-639.


32. Tripathi B.K., Srivastava A.K. 2006. Diabetes mellitus: complications and therapeutics. Medical Science Monitor, 12(7): 130-147.


33. Van Linthout S., Foryst-Ludwig A., Spillmann F., Peng J. 2010. Impact of HDL on adipose tissue metabolism and adiponectin expression. Atherosclerosis, 210(2): 438-44.


34. Vessal M., Hemmati M., Vasei M. 2003.Antidiabetic effects of quercetin in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology, 135: 357-364.


35. Verma L., Khatri A., Kaushik B., Patil U.K., Pawar R.S. 2010, Antidiabetic activity of Cassia occidentalis (Linn) in normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Indian Journal of Pharmacology, 42: 224-8.


36. Wandell P.E. 2005. Quality of life of patients with diabetes mellitus. An overview of research in primary health care in the Nordic countries. Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care, 23:68-74.

37. Wang J., Hua W., Yue Y., Gao Z. 2010. MSU-S mesoporous materials: An efficient catalyst for isomerization of α-pinene. Bioresource. Technology, 101, :7224-7230.

38. Wang W., Li N., Luo M., Zu Y., Efferth, T.2012. Antibacterial activity and anticancer activity of Rosmarinus officinalis L. essential oil compared to that of its main components. Molecules, 17: 2704-2713.

39. Yanardag R., Bolkent S., Ozsoy-Sacan O., Karabulut-Bulan O. 2002. The effect of chard (Beta vulgaris L. var. cicla) extract on the kidney tissue, serum urea, and creatinine levels of diabetic rats. Phytotherapy Research,16: 758-761.


40. Zhou J.Y., Tang   F.D., Mao G.G. & Bian R.L. 2004. Efect of alpha-pinene on nuclear translocation of NF-kappa B in THP-1 cells. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B, 25(4): 480-484.